Gemini Surfactants.
Gemini Surfactants.
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DOI：
10.1002/0471670561.ch12
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发表时间：
2000
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Menger;Keiper
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Menger;Keiper
要把单调的表面活性剂打发掉是多么容易啊！毕竟，按照当今的标准，它的结构并不引人注目。而且这种表面活性剂已经在许多商业领域扎根了几十年，以至于它的化学成分可能看起来又老又累。这篇评论的目的是说服读者，同时关注一种非凡的新型表面活性剂——双子座。双表面活性剂是“双表面活性剂”的俗称，它可以在浓度比相应的传统表面活性剂低一百倍的情况下进行自组装。表面活性可以提高一千倍。双子座已经在皮肤护理、抗菌方案、高孔隙度材料的构建、分析分离和溶解过程中显示出前景。在过去的几年里，出现了许多与双子座有关的专利。事实上，在一些人看来，双子座很可能比冠醚或富勒烯对“人类之家”更有用。这篇综述深入探讨了合成、临界胶束浓度、聚集体的大小和形状、凝胶、囊泡和薄膜等主题。这些信息来自世界各地的科学家；有人可能会说双子座的研究是沐浴在持续的阳光或夏天。本文不以胶体化学的先验知识为前提。
How easy it is to dismiss the humdrum surfactant! After all, its structure is unglamorous by present-day norms. And the surfactant has been entrenched in so many areas of commerce for so many decades that its chemistry might seem old and tired. The purpose of this review is to persuade the reader otherwise, all the while focusing on a remarkable new surfactant, the gemini. Geminis, the common name for "bis-surfactants", can self-assemble at concentrations almost a hundredfold lower than for corresponding conventional surfactants. Surface activity can be improved a thousandfold. Geminis have already shown promise in skin care, antibacterial regimens, construction of high-porosity materials, analytical separations, and solubilization processes. Scores of patents dealing with geminis have appeared in the last few years. Indeed, geminis might well turn out, in the opinion of some, to be more useful to "l'homme de la rue" than crown ethers or fullerenes. This review delves into such topics as synthesis, critical micellization concentration, aggregate size and shape, gels, vesicles, and films. The information comes from scientists all over the world; one might say that gemini research is bathed in a continuous sunlight or summer. No prior knowledge of colloid chemistry is presupposed in this article.