Response of Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) to extracts of cashew kernels
Response of Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) to extracts of cashew kernels
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DOI：
10.1007/bf03356385
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发表时间：
2011-05-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Oduleye, Samson O.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Adedire, Chris O.;Obembe, Olusola M.;Oduleye, Samson O.
采用甲醇、乙醇、水、丙酮、石油醚和正己烷6种溶剂对腰果仁进行提取。对不同提取产物进行了C.斑蚊成虫的死亡率、杀卵和成虫羽化效果。腰果仁提取物的长期保护能力和处理过的豇豆种子的吸水能力也进行了研究。结果表明，水蒸气馏出物对C.斑点的对昆虫毒性最小的提取物是甲醇和乙醇。结果表明，该提取物显著抑制了小菜蛾的产卵。斑点的用蒸汽蒸馏物处理的豇豆种子的吸水能力最低，而用乙醇和甲醇处理的籽粒的吸水能力最高。在2.0%v/w腰果仁提取物，豇豆种子的吸水能力的百分比增加，增加的时间间隔的淹没。蒸汽蒸馏物和提取物的正己烷，石油醚和丙酮完全防止虫害和损害的处理豇豆种子为期三个月，既没有重量损失，也没有损害的处理谷物。在用甲醇和乙醇提取物处理的谷粒中，分别记录到20.17%和9.76%的损伤。结果表明，腰果提取物对豇豆贮藏期豆象、豆角蚜有较好的防治效果。并可作为合成杀虫剂的替代品，用于保护储存的豇豆免受豆象的侵害。
Cashew kernels were extracted with six different solvents namely methanol, ethanol, water, acetone, pet-ether and n-hexane. The different extraction products were evaluated on C. maculatus adults for their mortality, ovicidal and adult emergence effects. The long-term protectant ability of the cashew kernel extracts and water absorption capacity of the treated cowpea seeds were also investigated. The results obtained showed that the steam distillate was most toxic to C. maculatus. The least toxic extracts on the insect were those of methanol and ethanol. The extracts drastically reduced oviposition in C. maculatus. The cowpea seeds treated with steam distillate had the lowest water absorption capacity, while the highest water absorption capacity was obtained in grains treated with ethanol and methanol. At 2.0% v/w cashew kernel extracts, the percentage water absorption capacity of cowpea seeds increased with increase in the interval of submergence.Steam distillate and the extracts of n-hexane, pet-ether and acetone completely prevented infestation and damage of the treated cowpea seeds for a period of three months as there was neither weight loss nor damage in the treated grains. In the grains treated with the methanol and ethanol extracts, damage of 20.17% and 9.76% were recorded, respectively. The results obtained from this study revealed that extract of cashew kernel is effective in controlling cowpea storage bruchid, C. maculatus and could serve as an alternative to synthetic insecticides for the protection of stored cowpeas against bruchids.