Effective/efficient mental health programs for school-age children: a synthesis of reviews
Effective/efficient mental health programs for school-age children: a synthesis of reviews
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/s0277-9536(03)00332-0
复制
发表时间：
2004-04-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Majumdar, B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Browne, G;Gafni, A;Majumdar, B
心理健康问题的普遍存在，其中一些问题似乎发生在年轻群体中，促使研究人员和政策制定者寻找切实可行的解决方案，以减轻儿童及其家庭的痛苦负担，以及社会的短期和长期成本。制定了许多计划来减少或减轻问题行为或障碍和/或协助青少年积极发展。评估结果分散在整个文献中。为了评估调查结果并确定有效儿童服务的共同要素，我们进行了文献检索，对学龄儿童非临床项目进行了循证评估。规范性意见旨在向服务提供者、政策制定者和家庭通报有效服务的最佳做法，例如： 早期、长期干预，包括加强、后续行动以及家庭和社区部门参与的生态重点；一致的成人人员配置；适应性别、年龄和文化需求的互动、非说教性节目。我们对有效计划带来的效率的理解存在差距。政策影响包括需要制定部门间干预战略，包括： 新的融资安排，以鼓励（而不是惩罚）机构间合作，并确保服务覆盖适当的人口群体；复制最佳实践；并公布有关效益和成本节约的信息。在许多司法管辖区，立法变革可能会激励服务机构在服务提供方面进行合作。联合决策需要跨部门治理、汇集一些资金以及改变政策以保留地方层面的储蓄。节省下来的钱可以资助扩大为更多年轻人提供的服务。 (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
The prevalence of mental health problems, some of which seem to be occurring among younger cohorts, leads researchers and policy-makers to search for practical solutions to reduce the burden of suffering on children and their families, and the costs to society both immediate and long term. Numerous programs are in place to reduce or alleviate problem behaviour or disorders and/or assist positive youth development. Evaluated results are dispersed throughout the literature. To assess findings and determine common elements of effective children's services, a literature search was undertaken for evidence-based evaluations of non-clinical programs for school-age children. Prescriptive comments aim to inform service-providers, policy-makers and families about best practices for effective services such as: early, long-term intervention including reinforcement, follow-up and an ecological focus with family and community sector involvement; consistent adult staffing; and interactive, non-didactic programming adapted to gender, age and cultural needs. Gaps are identified in our understanding of efficiencies that result from effective programs. Policy implications include the need to develop strategies for intersectoral interventions, including: new financing arrangements to encourage (not penalize) interagency cooperation and, to ensure services reach appropriate segments of the population; replication of best practices; and publicizing information about benefits and cost savings. In many jurisdictions legislative changes could create incentives for services to collaborate on service delivery. Joint decision-making would require intersectoral governance, pooling of some funding, and policy changes to retain savings at the local level. Savings could finance expansion of services for additional youth. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.