Prior context in audition informs binding and shapes simple features.
Prior context in audition informs binding and shapes simple features.
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DOI：
10.1038/ncomms15027
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发表时间：
2017-04-20
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Pressnitzer D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chambers C;Akram S;Adam V;Pelofi C;Sahani M;Shamma S;Pressnitzer D
报告了一种知觉现象，即先前的声学背景对基本听觉判断具有巨大、快速和持久的影响。设计成对的音调包括频率成分之间的模棱两可的转换，因此听者同样有可能报告音调之间的音调向上或向下移动。我们发现，在歧义对之前呈现上下文音调几乎完全决定了感知的转换方向。语境效应概括到广泛的时间和频谱尺度，涵盖了最逼真的听觉场景的特征。脑磁图记录显示，神经响应性的相对降低与行为效应有关。最后，计算模型通过以概率方式实现连续声音绑定的简单连续性约束来再现行为结果。在普遍存在的神经机制(如适应)的介导下，语境处理可能对跟踪复杂的声源随着时间的推移至关重要。知觉可能会被先前的背景所左右。本文报告了一种听觉错觉，在这种错觉中，音高变化不明确的声音被感知为根据先前的上下文声音向上或向下移动，探索了神经关联，并提出了一个基于时间约束的概率模型。
A perceptual phenomenon is reported, whereby prior acoustic context has a large, rapid and long-lasting effect on a basic auditory judgement. Pairs of tones were devised to include ambiguous transitions between frequency components, such that listeners were equally likely to report an upward or downward ‘pitch' shift between tones. We show that presenting context tones before the ambiguous pair almost fully determines the perceived direction of shift. The context effect generalizes to a wide range of temporal and spectral scales, encompassing the characteristics of most realistic auditory scenes. Magnetoencephalographic recordings show that a relative reduction in neural responsivity is correlated to the behavioural effect. Finally, a computational model reproduces behavioural results, by implementing a simple constraint of continuity for binding successive sounds in a probabilistic manner. Contextual processing, mediated by ubiquitous neural mechanisms such as adaptation, may be crucial to track complex sound sources over time. Perception can be swayed by prior context. Here the authors report an auditory illusion in which sounds with ambiguous pitch shifts are perceived as shifting upward or downward based on the preceding contextual sounds, explore the neural correlates, and propose a probabilistic model based on temporal binding.