Validation and Reference Values of Automated Bone Age Determination for Four Ethnicities
Validation and Reference Values of Automated Bone Age Determination for Four Ethnicities
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DOI：
10.1016/j.acra.2010.06.007
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发表时间：
2010-11-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Savendahl, Lars
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Thodberg, Hans Henrik;Savendahl, Lars
基本原理和目标：骨龄（BA）评级与相当大的评级者变异性相关，可以通过自动化计算机化方法消除这种变异性。该研究的目的是在四个种族的美国儿童中验证 BoneXpert 方法（一种自动测定 BA 的方法）。 材料和方法：该研究基于健康儿童手部 X 光片的公开数据库，该数据库是在之前由美国国立卫生研究院资助的一项研究中建立的。 1993 年至 2006 年间在洛杉矶记录了左手的射线照片，其中包括 1100 张具有两个独立手动 BA 评级的图像和 280 张未使用手动评级的附加图像。图像均匀分布在白种人、非裔美国人、西班牙裔和亚洲儿童之间，年龄范围为 0-18.99 岁。结果：自动化方法分析了所有图像，男孩 BA > 2.5 岁，女孩 > 2 岁。两次手动评级之间的均方根 (RMS) 误差为 0.63 年，而自动 BA 与两次手动评级平均值之间的 RMS 偏差为 0.61 年。计算平均 BA 减去年龄与每个性别和种族的年龄。与零的最大偏差出现在 12 岁以上的西班牙裔和亚洲儿童中，他们相对于 Greulich 和 Pyle 标准提前了约 1 年。结论：自动化方法可以分析 BA 范围内所有种族的图像，男孩为 2.5-17 岁，女孩为 2-15 岁，因此可以消除 BA 评分中评分者变异的问题。
Rationale and Objectives: Bone age (BA) rating is associated with a considerable rater variability, which would be eliminated with an automated computerized method. The aim of the study was to validate the BoneXpert method, an automated determination of BA, in American children of four ethnicities.Materials and Methods: The study is based on a publicly available database of hand x-rays of healthy children, established in a previous, National Institutes of Health-funded study. Radiographs of the left hand were recorded between 1993 and 2006 in Los Angeles, including 1100 images with two independent manual BA ratings and 280 additional images for which the manual ratings were not used. Images were evenly split between Caucasian, African American, Hispanic, and Asian children, and the age range was 0-18.99 years.Results: The automated method analyzed all images with BA>2.5 years for boys and >2 years for girls. The root-mean-square (RMS) error between the two manual ratings was 0.63 years, whereas the RMS deviation between the automated BA and the average of the two manual ratings was 0.61 years. The mean BA minus age was computed versus age for each sex and ethnicity. The largest deviation from zero was seen for Hispanic and Asian children older than 12 years, who were about 1 year advanced relative to the Greulich and Pyle standard.Conclusion: The automated method can analyze images of all ethnicities within a BA range of 2.5-17 years for boys and 2-15 years for girls, and can therefore eliminate the problem with rater variability in BA rating.