Evaluating the incidence of hydrological processes during site formation through orientation analysis. A case study of the middle Palaeolithic Lakeland site of Neumark-Nord 2 (Germany)
Evaluating the incidence of hydrological processes during site formation through orientation analysis. A case study of the middle Palaeolithic Lakeland site of Neumark-Nord 2 (Germany)
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jasrep.2016.01.023
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发表时间：
2016-04
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. García-Moreno;Geoff M. Smith;L. Kindler;E. Pop;W. Roebroeks;S. Gaudzinski-Windheuser;Victor Klinkenberg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. García-Moreno;Geoff M. Smith;L. Kindler;E. Pop;W. Roebroeks;S. Gaudzinski-Windheuser;Victor Klinkenberg
湖泊地区对旧石器时代的人类是有吸引力的环境，因为它们提供了大量和广泛的资源。此外，它们是优秀的档案，可以进行高分辨率的环境、时间和考古分析。然而，这些矿床往往受到复杂的地层和沉积后因素的影响，包括与水有关的过程。因此，评估水文过程对遗址形成的影响对于更准确地重建这些环境中人类行为的持续时间、强度和类型至关重要。本文对德国末次间冰期遗址诺伊马克-北2号的考古材料进行了定向分析。利用地理信息系统进行方位分析，从挖掘表面的数字平面图计算人工制品的方位，随后使用圆形统计进行测试。将取向分析结果与水文模型进行比较，以检验优选取向与水流和积水重建面积之间的关系。结果表明，低能量水文过程可能影响了Neumark-Nord 2的某些地区的发现矿床，但总体而言，没有证据表明高能水文过程或考古组合部分的重大运动。
Lacustrine localities were attractive environments for Palaeolithic hominins, since they provide a large and broad spectrum of resources. Moreover, they are excellent archives that allow for high-resolution environmental, chronological and archaeological analyses. However, these deposits are often subject to complex formation and post-depositional factors, including water-related processes. Evaluating the influence of hydrological processes in site formation is thus essential to more accurately reconstruct the duration, intensity and types of hominin behaviour within these environments. In this paper we present the orientation analysis of archaeological material from the Last Interglacial site Neumark-Nord 2, Germany. Orientation analysis was done using GIS to calculate the orientation of artefact from digital plans of the excavation surface, which were subsequently tested using circular statistics. The results of the orientation analysis are compared with a hydrological model to check the relation between preferred orientations and reconstructed areas of water flow and accumulation. Results suggest that low-energy hydrological processes could have affected certain areas of the find-bearing deposits at Neumark-Nord 2 but, overall, there is no evidence for either high-energy hydrological processes or a significant movement of parts of the archaeological assemblage.