Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene: mechanics, morphology, and clinical behavior.
Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene: mechanics, morphology, and clinical behavior.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jmbbm.2008.12.006
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发表时间：
2009-10
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Rimnac, C. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sobieraj, M. C.;Rimnac, C. M.
超高分子量聚乙烯（UHMWPE）是一种半结晶聚合物，已在全关节置换术中用作关节面超过40年。UHMWPE的力学性能和磨损性能与UHMWPE关节置换部件的体内性能相关。聚合物的机械性能取决于其结晶相和非晶相。改变任一相位（即，改变整体结晶度、结晶形态或交联非晶相）可影响材料的机械性能。还有证据表明，UHMWPE的形态及其机械性能随载荷而变化。UHMWPE也被证明在伽马辐照灭菌后易发生氧化降解，随后会损失机械性能。已经开发了当代UHMWPE灭菌方法来减少或消除氧化降解。此外，UHMWPE的交联一直在进行，以提高UHMWPE关节部件的耐磨性。第一代高交联HDPE在临床上减少了磨损;然而，与原始材料相比，这些材料的机械性能（如延展性和断裂韧性）降低。因此，正在引入第二代高度交联的HDPE，以保持第一代的耐磨性，同时还寻求提供氧化稳定性和改善的机械性能。
Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) is a semicrystalline polymer that has been used for over four decades as a bearing surface in total joint replacements. The mechanical properties and wear properties of UHMWPE are of interest with respect to the in vivo performance of UHMWPE joint replacement components. The mechanical properties of the polymer are dependent on both its crystalline and amorphous phases. Altering either phase (i.e., changing overall crystallinity, crystalline morphology, or crosslinking the amorphous phase) can affect the mechanical behavior of the material. There is also evidence that the morphology of UHMWPE, and, hence, its mechanical properties evolve with loading. UHMWPE has also been shown to be susceptible to oxidative degradation following gamma radiation sterilization with subsequent loss of mechanical properties. Contemporary UHMWPE sterilization methods have been developed to reduce or eliminate oxidative degradation. Also, crosslinking of UHMWPE has been pursued to improve the wear resistance of UHMWPE joint components. The 1st generation of highly crosslinked UHMWPEs have resulted in clinically reduced wear; however, the mechanical properties of these materials, such as ductility and fracture toughness, are reduced when compared to the virgin material. Therefore, a 2nd generation of highly crosslinked UHMWPEs are being introduced to preserve the wear resistance of the 1st generation while also seeking to provide oxidative stability and improved mechanical properties.
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