What Is a Theory of Meaning? (II)
What Is a Theory of Meaning? (II)
复制标题
什么是意义理论？
DOI：
10.1093/0198236212.003.0001
复制
发表时间：
1996
期刊：
影响因子：
0.5
通讯作者：
M. Dummett
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Dummett
在这篇文章中，我关注的是词语的意义和句法结构的意义之间的相互作用。本节阐述的一般性观点旨在为随后各节的讨论奠定基础，以便逐步细化。在第二节中，我将进一步阐述希金波坦（Higginbotham，1985）提出的一个论点，即在不引入更高级类型的情况下，对事件的指称是观察从句和修饰语性质的适当方式。在第3节中，我考虑提升和控制的一些句法和语义属性，特别是与乔姆斯基（1981）框架的修改形式以及回指联系意义的确定有关。在这两个部分中，将强调系统地消除所谓的“语义公设”（或者，换一种方式来看待它，它们还原为赋予词的意义的后果）。第4节按照希金波坦（1986）提出的方法，讨论了经典不透明语境的语义学的某些要点，并提出了与理解原则的一些联系，最近，Bealer（1982）和Chierchia（1984）的工作对这些联系进行了密切的考虑。总的来说，这些研究的主旨是，只要能正确地看到词语的意义，就可以为复杂句法结构的解释原则扫清道路。[第3和第4节在此省略。编]
Throughout this article, I am concerned with interactions between the meanings of words and the meanings of syntactic structures. A general point of view, articulated in this section, aims to set the stage for discussions tending to progressively finer detail in the sections that follow. In Section 2, I will elaborate further a thesis advanced in Higginbotham (1985), that reference to events is the appropriate way to view properties of subordinate clauses and modification, without the introduction of higher types. In Section 3, I consider some syntactic and semantic properties of raising and control, especially in connection with a modified form of the framework of Chomsky (1981), and the determination of the meaning of anaphoric connections. In both of these sections, the systematic elimination of what have come to the called'semantic postulates'(or, in another way of looking at it, their reduction to the consequences of the ascription of meanings to words) will be emphasized. Section 4 treats some points of the semantics of the classical opaque contexts, following the method suggested in Higginbotham (1986), and brings out some connections with comprehension principles, recently brought into close consideration by the work of Bealer (1982) and Chierchia (1984). Taken altogether, the thrust of these investigations will be that one may clear the path to the principles of interpretation for complex syntactic structures, if only the meanings of words can be seen rightly.[Sections 3 and 4 are omitted here. Ed.]