A general strategy of 3D printing thermosets for diverse applications
A general strategy of 3D printing thermosets for diverse applications
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适用于多种应用的 3D 打印热固性材料的总体策略
DOI：
10.1039/c8mh00937f
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发表时间：
2019-02-01
影响因子：
13.3
通讯作者：
You, Zhengwei
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lei, Dong;Yang, Yang;You, Zhengwei
三维（3D）打印提供了为无数应用定制复杂构造的巨大潜力。然而，许多热固性材料需要在恶劣条件下长期固化，这与快速3D打印加工不兼容。这些热固性材料的3D打印仍然是一个挑战。在这里，我们报告了一种通过现成的基于挤出的技术直接3D打印各种热固性材料的新策略，使用牺牲氯化钠颗粒作为可移除的印刷增稠剂和固化增稠剂，例如交联聚酯，聚氨酯和环氧树脂。具体而言，3D结构表现出分层和多孔结构，这是许多应用所高度期望的，包括再生医学、传感器、致动器、催化剂载体和能量吸收器。作为概念验证演示，我们3D打印了具有快速，大型，稳健和梯度响应的蒸汽机械传感器和致动器，以及可生物降解的支架，以促进体内血管化和组织向内生长，以及弹性心肌贴片，以有效治疗心肌梗死。我们希望这项研究将为定制热固性材料的复杂3D结构铺平新的道路，并将对各种应用非常有用。
Three-dimensional (3D) printing offers great potential to customize sophisticated constructs for a myriad of applications. However, many thermosets require long-term curing under harsh conditions, which is not compatible with rapid 3D printing processing. 3D printing of these thermosets remains a challenge. Here, we report a new strategy for direct 3D printing of various thermosets via readily available extrusion-based technology using sacrificial sodium chloride particles as a removable thickener for printing and a reinforcer for curing, exemplified by crosslinked polyester, polyurethane and epoxy resins. Specifically, the 3D constructs exhibited hierarchical and porous architectures, which are highly desired for many applications, including regenerative medicine, sensors, actuators, catalyst supports, and energy absorbers. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, we 3D printed vapomechanical sensors and actuators featuring fast, large, robust, and gradient responsiveness, in addition to biodegradable scaffolds to promote vascularization and tissue ingrowth in vivo and elastic myocardial patches to efficiently treat myocardial infarction. We expect that this study will pave a new way to tailor sophisticated 3D structures of thermosets and will be very useful for diverse applications.