Cellular Remodeling in Articular Tissue
Cellular Remodeling in Articular Tissue
复制标题
关节组织的细胞重塑
DOI：
10.1177/00220345660450030801
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发表时间：
1966
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
H. Blackwood
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Blackwood
人们广泛认识到与骨骼重塑有关的一系列事件，尽管人们对此还不完全了解。骨骼的重塑在人的一生中是持续的，并随着骨骼及其肌肉结构的机械平衡的改变和身体代谢功能的改变而发生。骨骼中的任何变化都不可避免地传递到关节，关节可能会通过关节表面的重塑来做出反应。这种重建主要是为了维持相对的关节表面之间的一致性，并通过关节软骨的增殖活动来调节，这一事实早在1875年就被Ogston2‘3认识到了。约翰逊4-5已经认识到关节重塑的三种类型：进行性、退行性和周围性重塑。渐进性重塑是指关节表面组织的形成和增加。它是由关节软骨的增殖，然后是新形成的软骨的矿化，并最终由骨骼取代这种矿化的软骨而产生的。退行性重塑是指关节组织的移除，最初是通过关节下骨的破骨吸收，并用软骨和骨的新形成取代被吸收的区域。外周重塑，顾名思义，是关节表面周围组织的增加，其影响方式与进展型相似，不同之处在于骨膜也可能受累。Ogston2‘我记录了关节重塑是从关节软骨内的“中心生长中心”开始的，从那里生长发生“朝向关节表面以及朝向骨骼”。透明关节软骨中的这种病灶不容易显示，因为根据有丝分裂的存在来判断增殖活性。
The sequence of events concerned with the remodeling of bone is widely recognized, although as yet imperfectly understood.' Remodeling of the bony skeleton is continual throughout the life of the individual and occurs in response to alteration in the mechanical equilibrium of the skeleton and its musculature and to changes in the metabolic functions of the body. Any changes in the skeleton are inevitably transmitted to the joints, which may respond by remodeling of their articular surfaces. Such remodeling is directed mainly toward the maintenance of congruity between apposing articular surfaces and is mediated through the proliferative activity of articular cartilage, a fact that was recognized by Ogston2' 3 as long ago as 1875. Johnson4 5 has recognized three categories of joint remodeling: progressive, regressive, and peripheral remodeling. Progressive remodeling is the formation and addition of tissue to the articular surface. It is brought about by proliferation of articular cartilage followed by mineralization of the newly formed cartilage and the eventual replacement of this mineralized cartilage by bone. Regressive remodeling is the removal of articular tissue, initially by osteoclastic resorption of the subarticular bone, and replacement of the resorbed region by new formation of cartilage and bone. Peripheral remodeling, as the name implies, is the addition of tissue to the periphery of the joint surface and is effected in a manner similar to the progressive type, except that periosteum also may be involved. Ogston2' I recorded that articular remodeling is initiated from a "focus of central growth" within the articular cartilage, from which growth takes place "towards the joint surface as well as towards the bone." Such a focus within hyaline articular cartilage is not easily demonstrated because proliferative activity, judged by the presence of mitotic