Survey on real-time communication via ethernet in industrial automation environments
Survey on real-time communication via ethernet in industrial automation environments
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DOI：
10.1109/etfa.2014.7005074
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发表时间：
2014-09
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Peter Danielis;J. Skodzik;Vlado Altmann;E. Schweissguth;F. Golatowski;D. Timmermann;J. Schacht
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文献类型：
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作者：
Peter Danielis;J. Skodzik;Vlado Altmann;E. Schweissguth;F. Golatowski;D. Timmermann;J. Schacht
对于自动化行业的公司来说，开发实时以太网来连接设备，以取代传统的现场总线系统具有很高的经济利益。因此，许多使以太网适应实时要求的方法来自工业应用。这是一项具有挑战性的任务，因为最初的以太网标准IEEE 802.3不是为实时数据传输而设计的。类似地，基于以太网的协议，如TCP、UDP和IP，通常不考虑实时要求。因此，需要在多个OSI层上进行调整，以使工业系统满足硬实时要求。为此，已经开发了大量具有实时能力的工业以太网系统，这些系统以各种方式解决了基于标准以太网和TCP/IP或UDP/IP的通信的问题。本文介绍了工业以太网在自动化环境中实现实时数据传输的各种协议。这些协议的优点和缺点进行了分析，他们的可持续性方面的实时性，可靠性，可扩展性，自配置的网络，和硬件要求。在未来的“工业互联网”中，连接设备的数量和计算能力急剧增长的背景下，得出了未来发展的后果。
For companies in the automation industry, the development of real-time Ethernet to connect devices is of high economic interest to replace conventional fieldbus systems. Therefore, many approaches for adapting Ethernet to real-time requirements come from industrial applications. This is a challenging task as the original Ethernet standard IEEE 802.3 was not designed for real-time data transmission. Likewise, protocols basing on Ethernet like TCP, UDP, and IP do typically not consider real-time requirements. Hence, adaptations on several OSI layers become necessary to make the industrial system meet hard real-time requirements. For this purpose, a multitude of realtime capable Industrial Ethernet systems has been developed, which solve the problems of standard Ethernet- and TCP/IP- or UDP/IP-based communication in a variety of ways. This paper gives a summary of different Industrial Ethernet protocols for the real-time data transmission via Ethernet in automation environments. Advantages and disadvantages of these protocols are analyzed with regard to their sustainability in terms of their realtime capability, reliability, scalability, self-configuration of the network, and hardware requirements. Against the background of connected devices tremendously growing in number and computational power in the prospective “Industrial Internet”, consequences for future developments are drawn.