The Far-Reaching Impact of Job Loss and Unemployment
The Far-Reaching Impact of Job Loss and Unemployment
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev-soc-071913-043237
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Brand, Jennie E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brand, Jennie E.
失业是一种无意识的颠覆性生活事件，对员工的生活轨迹有着深远的影响。它在不断增长的劳动力阶层中的发生率，加上最近的严重经济动荡时代，增加了对失业和失业影响的关注。作为一种相对外生的劳动力市场冲击，对流离失所的研究使人们能够对社会经济环境和生活结果之间的关联进行强有力的估计。研究表明，流离失所与随后的失业、长期收入损失和较低的工作质量、心理和身体健康状况的下降、心理社会资产的损失、社会退缩、家庭破裂以及子女的成就和幸福水平较低有关。尽管再就业减轻了失业带来的一些负面影响，但并不能消除这些负面影响。大范围失业的背景虽然与更大的经济损失有关，但减少了失业对社会心理的影响。未来的研究应该更充分地关注流离失所的经济和社会心理影响如何相互交织，并延伸到流离失所的工人本身之外。
Job loss is an involuntary disruptive life event with a far-reaching impact on workers' life trajectories. Its incidence among growing segments of the workforce, alongside the recent era of severe economic upheaval, has increased attention to the effects of job loss and unemployment. As a relatively exogenous labor market shock, the study of displacement enables robust estimates of associations between socioeconomic circumstances and life outcomes. Research suggests that displacement is associated with subsequent unemployment, long-term earnings losses, and lower job quality; declines in psychological and physical well-being; loss of psychosocial assets; social withdrawal; family disruption; and lower levels of children's attainment and well-being. Although reemployment mitigates some of the negative effects of job loss, it does not eliminate them. Contexts of widespread unemployment, although associated with larger economic losses, lessen the social-psychological impact of job loss. Future research should attend more fully to how the economic and social-psychological effects of displacement intersect and extend beyond displaced workers themselves.