Women's alcohol consumption and risk for alcohol-exposed pregnancies in Russia
Women's alcohol consumption and risk for alcohol-exposed pregnancies in Russia
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1360-0443.2011.03569.x
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Volkova, Elena
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Balachova, Tatiana;Bonner, Barbara;Volkova, Elena
目的酒精暴露妊娠（AEP）是胎儿酒精谱系障碍（FASD）的直接原因。这项研究调查了俄罗斯怀孕和非怀孕育龄妇女的饮酒模式，俄罗斯是世界上饮酒水平最高的国家之一。设计横断面调查。在圣彼得堡（SPB）和下诺夫哥罗德地区（NNR）这两个地方设立了7个公共妇女诊所。参与者共648名怀孕和非怀孕的育龄妇女。测量方法：面对面的结构化访谈评估了饮酒量、怀孕状况/怀孕可能性以及怀孕前后的饮酒量。89%的未怀孕妇女报告在过去3个月内饮酒，65%报告酗酒；47%的NNR患者和28%的SPB患者每月至少有一次暴饮暴食。可能怀孕的妇女与不可能怀孕的妇女饮酒相似，SPB中32%的妇女和NNR中54%的妇女被归类为有AEP风险。怀孕后饮酒明显减少。20%的孕妇报告饮酒，6%的SBP孕妇（无NNR孕妇）报告酗酒；然而，在可能怀孕或试图怀孕的女性中，酗酒的比例很高。结论：与孕前相比，俄罗斯妇女怀孕后饮酒显著减少。在发现怀孕之前，无论是在女性可能怀孕还是在她试图怀孕时，都没有发现减少。孕前期是一个风险窗口期，因此也是一个预防的机会。
Aims Alcohol-exposed pregnancies (AEP) are the direct cause of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). This study examines drinking patterns among pregnant and non-pregnant women of childbearing age in Russia, a country with one of the highest levels of alcohol consumption in the world. Design Cross-sectional survey. Setting Seven public women's clinics in two locations: St Petersburg (SPB) and the Nizhny Novgorod region (NNR). Participants A total of 648 pregnant and non-pregnant childbearing-age women. Measurements A face-to-face structured interview assessed alcohol consumption, pregnancy status/possibility of becoming pregnant and consumption before and after pregnancy recognition. Findings Eighty-nine per cent of non-pregnantwomen reported consuming alcohol and 65% reported binge drinking in the past 3 months; 47% in NNR and 28% in SPB reported binges at least monthly. Women who might become pregnant consumed alcohol similarly to women who were not likely to become pregnant, and 32% of women in SPB and 54% in NNR were categorized as at risk for AEP. There was a significant decline in drinking after pregnancy identification. Twenty per cent of pregnant women reported consuming alcohol and 6% in SBP (none in NNR) reported binge drinking; however, a high prevalence of binge drinking was found among women who might become pregnant or who were trying to conceive. Conclusions Russian women substantially reduce drinking after pregnancy recognition compared to pre-pregnancy levels. No reductions were found prior to pregnancy recognition, either when a woman might become pregnant or when she was trying to conceive. The pre-conception period presents a risk window and, therefore, a prevention opportunity.