A transcriptomic analysis of American lobster (Homarus americanus) immune response during infection with the bumper car parasite Anophryoides haemophila
A transcriptomic analysis of American lobster (Homarus americanus) immune response during infection with the bumper car parasite Anophryoides haemophila
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DOI：
10.1016/j.dci.2013.02.009
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发表时间：
2013-06-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Greenwood, Spencer J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Clark, K. Fraser;Acorn, Adam R.;Greenwood, Spencer J.
血友病按蚊（Anophryoides haemophila）是美洲大龙虾（Homarus americanus）的一种重要的原生寄生虫，因为它已被发现感染野生龙虾，并造成商业养殖设施中养殖的龙虾的重大损失。为了阐明参与龙虾免疫应答的分子机制，在一次血友病杆菌感染攻击中监测了14500多个美洲螯虾肝胰腺基因的表达。145个基因在感染过程中被发现有差异表达。对于许多基因来说，这项研究是第一次将它们的表达与对已知龙虾病原体的免疫反应联系起来。一些基因先前与甲壳类动物或无脊椎动物的免疫反应有关，包括：几种抗脂多糖因子亚型（ALFHa）、急性期血清淀粉样蛋白A （SAA）、一种丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂、一种toll样受体、几种血青素亚基、吞噬细胞信号受损蛋白、卵黄膜外层蛋白-1、胰蛋白酶和c型凝集素受体。用RT-qPCR验证微阵列结果，两种方法的一致性较好。通过芯片检测6种ALFHa亚型的表达，发现ALFHa-1、ALFHa-2、ALFHa-4和ALFHa-6存在差异表达，而ALFHa-3和ALFHa7无差异表达。RT-qPCR分析证实，ALFHa-1、ALFHA-2和ALFHa-4在感染期间表达增加，ALFHa-1在感染5-7周达到峰值，ALFHA-2和ALFHa-4在感染10周达到峰值。这表明在血友病杆菌感染期间，不同的ALFHa亚型是暂时表达的。重要的是，这些结果提供了证据，表明不同的ALFHa亚型在应对血友病杆菌感染中具有更重要的作用。SAA基因表达也显著增加，证实了之前的研究结果，即SAA在翠绿气球菌感染期间表达增加；强调SAA作为美洲美洲人免疫激活的标志和美洲美洲人健康的潜在指标的重要性。(C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
Anophryoides haemophila is an important protistan parasite of American lobster, Homarus americanus, as it has been found to infect lobsters in the wild as well as causing major losses of lobsters maintained in commercial holding facilities. Expression of over 14,500 H. americanus hepatopancreatic genes were monitored during an A. haemophila infection challenge in order to elucidate molecular mechanisms involved in the lobster immune response. One hundred and forty-five genes were found to be differentially expressed during infection. For many genes, this study is the first to link their expression to an immune response to a known lobster pathogen. Several of the genes have previously been linked to crustacean or invertebrate immune response including: several anti-lipopolysaccharide factor isoforms (ALFHa), acute phase serum amyloid protein A (SAA), a serine protease inhibitor, a toll-like receptor, several haemocyanin subunits, phagocyte signaling-impaired protein, vitelline membrane outer layer protein-1, trypsin, and a C-type lectin receptor. Microarray results were verified using RT-qPCR and agreement was good between the two methods. The expression of six ALFHa isoforms was monitored via microarray where ALFHa-1, ALFHa-2, ALFHa-4 and ALFHa-6 were differentially expressed while ALFHa-3 and ALFHa7 were not. RT-qPCR analysis confirmed that ALFHa-1, ALFHA-2 and ALFHa-4 expression increased during infection with a peak at 5-7 weeks for ALFHa-1 and 10 weeks for ALFHa-2 and ALFHa-4. This suggests that different ALFHa isoforms are temporally expressed during A. haemophila infection. Importantly, these results provide evidence that different ALFHa isoforms have more significant roles in responding to A. haemophila infection. Significant increases in SAA gene expression were also found, corroborating previous findings of increased SAA expression during Aerococcus viridans infections; highlighting the importance of SAA as a marker of H. americanus immune activation and potential indicator of H. americanus health. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.