The relationship between social play and developmental milestones in wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii).
The relationship between social play and developmental milestones in wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii).
复制标题
野生黑猩猩（Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii）的社交游戏与发育里程碑之间的关系。
DOI：
10.1002/ajp.22716
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Lonsdorf,ElizabethV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heintz,MatthewR;Murray,CarsonM;Markham,ACatherine;Pusey,AnneE;Lonsdorf,ElizabethV
群居性游戏在群居动物中很常见，但其好处尚未得到很好的理解。建议的好处包括增加运动的多功能性和发展，从而增强肌肉协调能力，并通过与同龄个体的互动加强社会联系。在这项研究中，我们使用了坦桑尼亚贡贝国家公园的幼年黑猩猩33年的长期行为数据，来检验社交游戏的这些潜在好处，特别是参与社交游戏的时间百分比与运动和社交发展里程碑之间的关系。我们预测，参与更多社交游戏的婴儿会在更年轻的时候达到运动和社交的里程碑。我们发现，花更多时间参与社交游戏的个体在更早的年龄就达到了背骑和独立旅行的运动里程碑。此外，我们发现玩耍的时间与较早达到社会里程碑的年龄相关，这些里程碑包括：远离母亲的空间独立、第一次梳理非母亲亲属、第一次观察到的交配尝试。这是第一个在类人猿身上证明玩耍行为和发展里程碑之间关系的研究，支持了玩耍提供运动和社会利益的假设。
Social play is common among many group‐living animals, but the benefits are not well understood. Proposed benefits include increased muscle coordination as the result of increased locomotor versatility and development, and strengthened social bonds through interactions with like‐aged individuals. In this study, we used 33 years of long‐term behavioral data on infant chimpanzees in Gombe National Park, Tanzania, to examine these potential benefits of social play, specifically how the percentage of time engaged in social play relates to motor and social developmental milestones. We predicted that infants who engaged in more social play would achieve motor and social milestones at younger ages. We found that individuals that spent more time engaging in social play achieved the motor milestones of riding dorsally and traveling independently at earlier ages. Additionally, we found that the amount of play was correlated with earlier ages for reaching the social milestones of spatial independence from mother, first grooming of non‐maternal kin, and first observed mating attempt. This is the first study in great apes to demonstrate a relationship between play behavior and developmental milestones, supporting the hypotheses that play provides motor, and social benefits.