The Blunt-Edged Sword: Genetic Explanations of Misbehavior Neither Mitigate Nor Aggravate Punishment.
The Blunt-Edged Sword: Genetic Explanations of Misbehavior Neither Mitigate Nor Aggravate Punishment.
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DOI：
10.1093/jlb/lsv053
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发表时间：
2016-04
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Appelbaum P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Scurich N;Appelbaum P
基因变异和负价值行为之间的联系已经引发了关于责任和惩罚含义的激烈评论。先前的研究表明，倾向于消极行为的行为基因证据对减轻惩罚没有影响，至少对严重犯罪没有影响。数据是在一般人群的代表性样本（n = 640）中提出的，要求考虑三个描述较轻罪行的小插曲，在不太正式的审判环境和日常生活中处理。在任何情况下，对行为的遗传解释对所选择的惩罚的严厉程度没有影响，这与行为的过分程度和受访者对自由意志的信仰形成了对比。公众对基因对行为影响的看法可能比通常认为的更不确定，也更微妙，或者基因解释对决策者来说可能根本不像人们经常认为的那样重要。
Links between genetic variants and negatively valenced behaviors have stimulated intense commentary about the implications for responsibility and punishment. Previous research has suggested that behavioral genetic evidence of a predisposition to negative behaviors has modest to no impact on mitigation of punishment, at least for serious crimes. Data are presented on the effect of such evidence in a representative sample of the general population (n = 640) asked to consider three vignettes describing lesser offenses, dealt with in less formal adjudicatory settings and in everyday life. Genetic explanations of behavior had no effect on the severity of the punishment selected in any case, in contrast to the egregiousness of the behavior and respondents’ beliefs in free-will. Public views of genetic influences on behavior may be less deterministic and more nuanced than is often thought, or genetic explanations may simply not have the salience for decision makers that is frequently attributed to them.