The Effects of Gender and Idea Goodness on Ownership Bias in Engineering Design Education
The Effects of Gender and Idea Goodness on Ownership Bias in Engineering Design Education
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DOI：
10.1115/1.4034107
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发表时间：
2016-10
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Christine Toh;Andrew A. Strohmetz;Scarlett R. Miller
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Christine Toh;Andrew A. Strohmetz;Scarlett R. Miller
概念选择是工程设计过程的关键阶段，因为它可能影响最终设计的方向。虽然已经开发出正式的选择方法来提高其有效性并减少人类决策偏差，但更详细地了解这些偏差的研究可以为改进选择过程提供基础。在此过程中出现的一个重要偏见是所有权偏见，或者是无意识地偏爱个人自己的想法而不是他人的想法。然而，很少有研究探讨设计环境中的所有权偏见以及其他因素（例如设计师的性别或想法的“优点”）的影响。为了了解这些因素对工程设计教育的影响，对 110 名工程专业学生进行了一项研究。这项研究的结果表明，男学生在概念选择过程中倾向于表现出所有权偏见，更多地选择自己的想法，而女学生则倾向于表现出相反的偏见，即光环效应，更多地选择团队成员的概念。此外，参与者对被认为是好的或高质量的想法表现出所有权偏见，但对不被认为是好的或高质量的想法表现出相反的偏见。这些结果增加了我们对影响团队概念选择的因素的理解，并为所有权偏见的发生以及工程设计教育中性别和想法的影响提供了经验证据。
Concept selection is a critical stage of the engineering design process because of its potential to influence the direction of the final design. While formalized selection methods have been developed to increase its effectiveness and reduce human decision-making biases, research that understands these biases in more detail can provide a foundation for improving the selection process. One important bias that occurs during this process is ownership bias, or an unintentional preference for an individuals’ own ideas over the ideas of others. However, few studies have explored ownership bias in a design setting and the influence of other factors such as the gender of the designer or the “goodness” of an idea. In order to understand the impact of these factors in engineering design education, a study was conducted with 110 engineering students. The results from this study show that male students tend to show ownership bias during concept selection by selecting more of their own ideas while female students tend to show the opposite bias, the Halo Effect, by selecting more of their team members’ concepts. In addition, participants exhibited ownership bias for ideas that were considered good or high quality, but the opposite bias for ideas that were not considered good or high quality. These results add to our understanding of the factors that impact team concept selection and provide empirical evidence of the occurrence of ownership bias and the effects of gender and idea goodness in engineering design education.