"Affect of anaerobiosis on the antibiotic susceptibility of H. influenzae".
"Affect of anaerobiosis on the antibiotic susceptibility of H. influenzae".
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DOI：
10.1186/1756-0500-6-241
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发表时间：
2013-06-26
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Nguyen V
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Smith HK;Nelson KL;Calaunan ES;Smith AL;Nguyen V
流感嗜血杆菌是一种人类限制性兼性厌氧菌，主要存在于口咽部。从咽喉中回收的大多数分离株是未包囊的真菌（NTHi），但根据宿主的易感性，它们会引起支气管炎、中耳炎，有时还会引起菌血症和脑膜炎。由于允许细菌复制的各种小生境中的可变氧气可用性，生物体必须在良好充氧的表面（例如咽上皮）到缺氧环境（例如生物膜的底部）和气道粘液中茁壮成长。其他研究表明H.流感利用有氧呼吸、无氧呼吸和发酵产生ATP。了解几类抗生素对五种特征良好的未包封H。流感病毒在室内空气中，在5%CO2和严格厌氧条件下。我们还测试了所有杀菌抗生素的氧化杀伤作用。与室内空气相比，在5%CO2中进行检测对氨基糖苷类、头孢菌素类、四环素类和氯霉素的敏感性影响极小：在5%CO2中，某些菌株对利福平和环丙沙星的MIC增加了8倍。所有的抗生素，除了甲氧苄啶在两种生长条件下都是杀灭性的。氨基糖苷类在严格的厌氧环境中保持杀菌性，而甲氧苄啶仅在厌氧条件下获得可靠的MBC。动力学分析表明，大观霉素和四环素在厌氧条件下的杀灭速度较慢。无法证明需氧杀灭的氧化机制。β-内酰胺类、头孢菌素类、大环内酯类、四环素类、氨基糖苷类、氯霉素类、利福平类和环丙沙星类对5种H.流感病毒在有氧和厌氧环境中。在厌氧条件下，甲氧苄啶的活性增加。
Haemophilus influenzae is a human-restricted facultative anaerobe which resides mostly in the oropharynx. The majority of isolates recovered from the throat are unencapsulated commensals (NTHi), but depending on host susceptibility they cause bronchitis, otitis media and on occasion bacteremia and meningitis. Because of the variable oxygen availability in the various niche permitting bacterium replication, the organism must thrive in well oxygenated surfaces, such as pharyngeal epithelium to anoxic environments like the bottom of a Biofilm and in airway mucus. Other reports indicate that H. influenzae use aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration and fermentation to generate ATP. To gain insight in to the activity of several classes of antibiotics against five well-characterized unencapsulated H. influenzae in room air, in 5% CO2 and under strict anaerobiosis. We also tested for the role of oxidative killing by all cidal antibiotics. In comparison to room air, testing in 5% CO2 had minimal effects on the susceptibility to aminoglycosides, cephalosporins, tetracycline and chloramphenicol: the MIC of rifampin and ciprofloxacin increased eight fold with certain strains in 5% CO2. All antibiotics, except trimethoprim were cidal under both growth conditions. Aminoglycosides remained bactericidal in a strict anaerobic environment, while a reliable MBC was obtained with trimethoprim only under anaerobic conditions. Kinetic analysis of the cidal action of spectinomycin and tetracycline indicated slower killing anaerobically. An oxidative mechanism for aerobic killing could not be demonstrated. We conclude that β-lactams, cephalosporins, macrolides, tetracycline’s, aminoglycosides, chloramphenicol, rifampin and ciprofloxacin are bactericidal against five well-characterizes H. influenzae in an aerobic and anaerobic environment. The activity of trimethoprim was increased in anaerobic conditions.