Variety Comparison of Effect of Supplemental Lighting with LED on Growth and Yield in Forcing Culture of Strawberry
Variety Comparison of Effect of Supplemental Lighting with LED on Growth and Yield in Forcing Culture of Strawberry
复制标题
LED补光对草莓催育生长及产量影响的品种比较
DOI：
10.2525/ecb.53.135
复制
发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Okimura
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Hidaka;K. Dan;H. Imamura;T. Takayama;K. Sameshima;M. Okimura
日本草莓生产的面积和水平不断下降。为了解决这些问题，在大规模工业设施中生产草莓的趋势越来越明显。在大规模温室中，需要获得持续高产的技术。这就需要开发环境控制技术（例如，光照、空气温度、CO2浓度、湿度、风速），以使植物充分发挥其光合潜力。Miyoshi等人（2013年）提供了一个草莓强制栽培环境控制的例子，报告了使用恒定土壤温度层对环境空气温度进行节能控制。此外，日高等人（2012年）报告说，控制光环境直接影响叶片光合作用和果实产量;这是必要的，因为取决于种植季节和种植地点等因素的可变光环境经常导致叶片光合作用、植物生长和果实产量的光照水平不足，导致温室生产的生产力下降。因此，需要开发一种独立于种植季节或种植地点的补充照明技术，以持续提高草莓产量。日高等人（2013）研究了两种不同商业光源（高辐照度LED和荧光灯）的12小时补充照明（6：00 - 18：00）的效果。在这项研究中，我们发现与荧光灯相比，高辐照度LED显着增强了叶片的光合作用。这导致了果实品质的改善和草莓的商品产量的显着增加，在促成栽培。日高等人（2014）进一步研究了用LED补充光照对六月结果草莓（Fragaria ananassa Duch. CV. Fukuoka S6）。比较12 h、14 h、16 h和24 h光照条件下的产量，以12 h光照条件下的产量最高。Darrow（1966）将六月草莓（Fragaria ananassa Duch.）作为兼性短日照植物。Ito和Saito（1962）和Taylor（2002）阐明了每个品种都有诱导花芽分化所需的各自的临界日长。超过临界日长的光周期会抑制花芽分化，从而导致产量下降。因此，当使用被称为“Fukuoka S6”的栽培品种（日高等人，2014年），可能并不总是使用任何其他品种获得。了解补充照明效果中的品种差异是开发可以广泛且成功应用的补充照明技术所必需的。基于补充光照产生产量增加的机制也可以随着具有以下特征的每个栽培品种而变化：
Production areas and levels are continuously declining for Japanese strawberry production. Solving these problems, there is an increasing trend towards strawberry productions in large-scale industrial facilities. Techniques to obtain consistently high yield are required in large-scale greenhouse. This requires the development of environment control techniques (e.g., light, air temperature, CO2 concentration, humidity, wind velocity) to allow plants to realize their full photosynthetic potential. Miyoshi et al. (2013) provides an example of environment control in forcing culture of strawberry, reporting on an energy-saving control of ambient air temperature using a constant soil temperature layer. Furthermore, Hidaka et al. (2012) reported that controlling the light environment directly influences leaf photosynthesis and fruit yield; this is required because variable light environments that are dependent on factors such as cropping season and cultivation location frequently lead to inadequate light levels for leaf photosynthesis, plant growth and fruit yield, resulting in declining productivity in greenhouse production. Consequently, the development of a supplementary lighting technique, independent of cropping season or cultivation location, is needed for consistently high strawberry production. Hidaka et al. (2013) examined the effects of 12 h of supplemental lighting (6:00 18:00) from two different commercial light sources, high-irradiance LEDs and fluorescent lamps. In that study, we found high-irradiance LEDs significantly enhanced leaf photosynthesis compared with fluorescent lamps. This led to improved fruit quality and a significant increase in marketable yield of strawberries in forcing culture. Hidaka et al. (2014) further examined the optimum photoperiod of supplemental lighting with LEDs to the June bearing strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch. cv. Fukuoka S6). The best fruit yield in this cultivar was found under 12-h illumination when four different photoperiods (12-h, 14-h, 16-h and 24-h illumination) were compared. Darrow (1966) classified June bearing strawberry Fragaria ananassa Duch.) as a facultative short day plant. Ito and Saito (1962) and Taylor (2002) clarified that each cultivar has a respective critical day-length that is needed to induce flower bud differentiation. Photoperiods exceeding a critical day-length may inhibit flower bud differentiation, and subsequently bring decreasing in yield. Therefore, a sufficient effect of supplemental lighting with 12-h photoperiods, which was seen when using the cultivar known as ‘Fukuoka S6’ (Hidaka et al., 2014), may not always be obtained using any other cultivars. Understanding the varietal differences in the supplemental lighting effect is required for developing a technique of supplemental lighting that can be broadly and successfully applied. The mechanism that produces an increase in yield based on supplemental lighting may also vary with each cultivar having