Spatial Origin and Diversification of the Lycocerus fainanus Species Group (Coleoptera, Cantharidae), with Descriptions of Four New Species from China and Vietnam.
Spatial Origin and Diversification of the Lycocerus fainanus Species Group (Coleoptera, Cantharidae), with Descriptions of Four New Species from China and Vietnam.
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Lycocerus fainanus 物种组（鞘翅目、斑蝥科）的空间起源和多样性，以及来自中国和越南的四个新种的描述
DOI：
10.3390/insects12050445
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发表时间：
2021-05-13
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Yang Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xi H;Wang Y;Liu T;Yang X;Liu H;Yang Y
简单总结 Lycocerus Gorham, 1889 目前全世界约有 320 个物种，其中一小部分已分为 13 个物种组，但其余的物种状况仍不确定。在本研究中，根据形态特征，将来自中国和越南的 5 个先前已知物种和另外 4 个新物种归为 Lycocerus fainanus 物种组。然后利用ArcGIS技术分析了该群体的分布格局。表明所有物种均局限于东方亚热带地区，台湾及大陆均有分布。此外，基于形态学数据的系统发育，借助系统发育重建祖先状态（RASP）软件重建了祖先分布范围。结果表明，空间原点位于越南北部和中国西南部。随后出现了两条扩散路线：一是从大陆出发到台湾，二是从台湾到大陆，物种之间的分化是由扩散和变异造成的。不幸的是，由于缺乏直接的化石证据和分子数据，很难估计起源时间。摘要 五个先前已知的物种属于 Lycocerus fainanus 物种组，包括 L. inopaciceps (Pic 1926)、L. oberthueri (Gorham 1889)、L. oudai (Švihla 2004)、L. metallipennis (Fairmaire 1887) 和 L. nigripes (Wittmer, 1995)。该组的四个新种是在中国和越南发现的，L. binotatus sp.。 11 月，L. testacicollis sp。 11 月，L. daliensis sp。 nov.，和 L. vietnamensis sp。十一月提供了所有物种的更新密钥。绘制了地理分布图，显示所有成员位于北纬18.69041–33.93441°和东经98.61413–121.77102°之间。通过贝叶斯二值MCMC方法根据形态学数据的系统发育重建了祖先的地理范围。结果表明，L. fainanus物种群的空间起源可能位于越南北部和中国西南部。中国西南地区和台湾地区的物种分化是由于大约24Ma前的差异造成的，当时后者在青藏高原被分离，而中国大陆的其余物种均起源于台湾，经过东南亚旅行后回到中国。然而，当化石证据和分子数据可用时，这个结论应该得到验证。
Simple Summary Lycocerus Gorham, 1889 has about 320 species worldwide at present, of which a small part have been attributed into 13 species groups, but the rest remain uncertain in their status. In the present study, five previously known species and another four new species from China and Vietnam were classified to the Lycocerus fainanus species group, based on their morphological characters. Then the distribution pattern of this group was analyzed with ArcGIS techniques. It showed that all species were constricted to the subtropical area of the Oriental region and distributed in both Taiwan and the continent. Further, the ancestral distribution range was reconstructed with the aid of the Reconstruct Ancestral State in Phylogenies (RASP) software, based on a phylogeny of morphological data. The results showed that the spatial origin was located in northern Vietnam and southwest China. Subsequently, two dispersal routes occurred: the first originated from the continent and then to Taiwan, the second from Taiwan to the continent, and the divergence between the species was caused by dispersal and vicariance. Unfortunately, it was difficult to estimate the timing of origin because of the lack of direct fossil evidence and molecular data. Abstract Five previously known species were attributed to the Lycocerus fainanus species group, including L. inopaciceps (Pic 1926), L. oberthueri (Gorham 1889), L. oudai (Švihla 2004), L. metallipennis (Fairmaire 1887), and L. nigripes (Wittmer, 1995). Four new species of this group were discovered from China and Vietnam, L. binotatus sp. nov., L. testacicollis sp. nov., L. daliensis sp. nov., and L. vietnamensis sp. nov. An updated key to all species was provided. A geographical distribution map is presented, which shows that all the members were located between 18.69041–33.93441° N, and between 98.61413–121.77102° E. The ancestral geographical range was reconstructed based on a phylogeny of morphological data by the Bayesian Binary MCMC method. The result showed that the spatial origin of L. fainanus species group was probably located in northern Vietnam and southwest China. The divergence of the species in southwest China and Taiwan was caused by vicariance about 24 Ma ago, when the latter was separated in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and the remaining species of mainland China all originated from Taiwan after traveling around Southeast Asia and back to China. Nevertheless, this conclusion should be verified when fossil evidence and molecular data are available.
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