Electromyographic analysis of the ingestion and rejection of sapid stimuli in the rat.
Electromyographic analysis of the ingestion and rejection of sapid stimuli in the rat.
复制标题
大鼠摄入和排斥液体刺激的肌电图分析。
DOI：
10.1037//0735-7044.100.4.544
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发表时间：
1986
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Norgren,R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Travers,JB;Norgren,R
先前的行为研究(Grill&Norgren，1978)表明，味觉刺激产生刻板印象的口面部动作，构成摄取和拒绝的可观察伴随。为了进一步阐明这些口面部运动(吞咽的口腔阶段)和吞咽行为(咽部阶段)之间的关系，在一个自由移动的慢性准备中，记录了口面部和咽部肌肉对口内剑突刺激的肌电反应。开口肌(前二腹肌)、面肌(颧肌)、舌突出肌(颧舌肌)、舌回缩肌(茎舌肌)和咽缩肌(甲咽肌)的活动在摄食序列中区分为水(W)、蔗糖(S)和氯化钠(N)，并由一盐酸奎宁(Q)引起的排斥反应。对W、S和N的摄取反应包括膝舌肌和茎舌肌活动(口腔内舔)之间的节律性变化，并伴有间歇性的咽缩肌活动(吞咽)。S和N的浓度越高，其持续时间越长，吞咽次数越多，而刺激Q则引起排斥反应，表现为多次舔舔，然后是颧肌和前二腹肌(GAPE)的长时间收缩。在闭合时，茎舌肌的活动与前二腹肌的活动同步，而不是颧舌肌的活动。当Q浓度较高时，张口潜伏期缩短，吞咽潜伏期延长。对S、N或Q的反应的最早成分几乎彼此无法区分，结果表明触觉(液体)刺激启动了摄取序列，味觉刺激调节了这一正在进行的活动。
Previous behavior studies (Grill & Norgren, 1978) demonstrated that gustatory stimuli produce stereotyped orofacial movements that constitute the observable concomitants of ingestion and rejection. For further clarification of the relation between these orofacial movements (the buccal phase of ingestion) and the act of swallowing (the pharyngeal phase), electromyographic responses to intraoral sapid stimulation were recorded from a subset of orofacial and pharyngeal muscles in a freely moving chronic preparation. Activity in a jaw opening muscle (anterior digastric), a facial muscle (zygomatic), tongue protruder (genioglossus), tongue retractor (styloglossus), and a pharyngeal constrictor used in swallowing (thyropharyngeus) differentiated between ingestive sequences to water (W), sucrose (S), and NaCl (N) and a rejection response elicited by quinine monohydrochloride (Q). Ingestion responses to W, S, and N consisted of rhythmic alternations between genioglossus and styloglossus activity (intraoral licks) accompanied by episodic bursts of pharyngeal constrictor activity (swallowing). Both bout duration and the number of swallows increased at higher concentrations of S and N. In contrast, Q stimulation elicited a rejection response, characterized by several licks and followed by long duration contractions of the zygomatic and anterior digastric muscles (gapes). During gapes, styloglossus activity rather than genioglossus activity was simultaneous with that of the anterior digastric. At higher concentrations of Q, the latency to gape decreased and the latency to swallow increased. The earliest components of the response to S, N, or Q were virtually indistinguishable from one another, results suggesting that tactile (fluid) stimulation initiates the ingestive sequence and that gustatory stimuli modulate this ongoing activity.