Efficacy of iron-biofortified crops.
Efficacy of iron-biofortified crops.
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DOI：
10.18697/ajfand.harvestplus03
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hurrell, R. F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Boy, E.;Haas, J. D.;Hurrell, R. F.
生物强化旨在在不牺牲农业产量的情况下增加主要作物中微量营养素的含量，使新品种对农民有吸引力。为中低收入人群提供主要能源供应的主食是主要关注点。大多数谷物种质中铁的遗传变异性较低，这是影响这些作物营养的主要障碍，只有采用转基因方法才能解决这个问题。然而，普通豆类和珍珠粟的生物强化品种已经开发成功，铁含量分别高达100毫克/公斤和80毫克/公斤，比普通品种高出两到五倍。这篇简短的综述总结了迄今为止关于铁生物强化作物的生物利用度和功效的研究，强调了它们的潜力和局限性，并讨论了适合不同文化和社会经济环境的多种生物强化作物方法的前进方向。与收获后铁强化一样，这些生物强化组合可能提供足够的铁，以满足许多目前传统饮食无法满足的缺铁妇女和儿童的额外铁需求。
Biofortification aims to increase the content of micronutrients in staple crops without sacrificing agronomic yield, making the new varieties attractive to farmers. Food staples that provide a major energy supply in low- and middle-income populations are the primary focus. The low genetic variability of iron in the germplasm of most cereal grains is a major obstacle on the path towards nutritional impact with these crops, which is solvable only by turning to transgenic approaches. However, biofortified varieties of common beans and pearl millet have been developed successfully and made available with iron contents as high as 100 mg/kg and 80 mg/kg, respectively, two to five times greater than the levels in the regular varieties. This brief review summarizes the research to date on the bioavailability and efficacy of iron-biofortified crops, highlights their potential and limitations, and discusses the way forward with multiple biofortified crop approaches suitable for diverse cultures and socio-economic milieu. Like post-harvest iron fortification, these biofortified combinations might provide enough iron to meet the additional iron needs of many iron deficient women and children that are not covered at present by their traditional diets.