Trophic Transfer, Transformation, and Impact of Engineered Nanomaterials in Terrestrial Environments
Trophic Transfer, Transformation, and Impact of Engineered Nanomaterials in Terrestrial Environments
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DOI：
10.1021/es4050665
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发表时间：
2014-03-04
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
White, Jason C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gardea-Torresdey, Jorge L.;Rico, Cyren M.;White, Jason C.
工程纳米材料（enm）被释放到环境中，在食物链中产生未知的影响。最近的研究结果表明，enm可以在农作物的果实/谷物中积累和/或增加金属或碳纳米材料成分的浓度，对植物的农艺性状、产量和生产力产生有害或有益的影响，引起粮食作物营养价值的改变，并在营养水平内转移。考虑到这些信息，需要解决的重要问题包括：通过开发新的或可能杂交的分析工具来确定enm的实际或预测浓度；评估可食用植物中enm、成分金属和共污染物的营养含量变化和/或积累及其对人类饮食、营养和健康的影响；评估enm引起的土壤健康变化的后果；产量对农业生产和粮食安全的影响，以及营养水平上enm的转移。鉴于接触环境化学物质的重大影响和存在相当大的知识差距，在进行全面的环境命运和影响评估之前，谨慎地观察环境化学物质的明智和有针对性的使用，以尽量减少对环境的释放。
Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are released into the environment with unknown implications in the food chain. Recent findings demonstrate that ENMs may accumulate and/or increase concentrations of the component metal or carbon nanomaterials in the fruits/grains of agricultural crops, have detrimental or beneficial effects on the agronomic traits, yield, and productivity of plants, induce modifications in the nutritional value of food crops, and transfer within trophic levels. Given this information, important questions needed to be resolved include a determination of actual or predicted concentrations of ENMs through the development of new and perhaps hybridized analytical tools, assessment of the nutritional content modifications and/or accumulation of ENMs, component metal, and cocontaminants in edible plants and their implications on human diet, nutrition, and health, assessment of the consequences of ENM-induced changes in soil health, physiological process, and yield on agricultural production and food security, and transfer of ENMs in trophic levels. Given the significant implications of ENMs exposure and the rather large knowledge gaps that exist, it will be prudent to observe judicious and targeted use of ENMs so as to minimize environmental release until a comprehensive environmental fate and effects assessment can be undertaken.