Child and Adolescent Time Use: A Cross-National Study
Child and Adolescent Time Use: A Cross-National Study
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DOI：
10.1111/jomf.12626
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发表时间：
2019-11-22
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Anttila, Timo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gracia, Pablo;Garcia-Roman, Joan;Anttila, Timo
目的本研究考察了以下三个政策和文化体制不同的国家：芬兰、西班牙和英国在儿童和青少年时间使用方面的差异。背景：跨国家研究儿童的时间利用对于更好地理解社会环境如何影响儿童的日常生活，从而影响他们未来的生活方式、发展和身份形成是迫切的。然而，之前的研究在很大程度上忽略了这个重要问题。方法本研究使用了2009至015年间芬兰、西班牙和英国(N=3,491)10至17岁儿童的时间日记数据。多元线性回归模型考察了(A)国家之间和(B)国家内部的差异。结果与西班牙儿童相比，芬兰儿童每天与父母在一起的时间减少了153分钟，与“他人”在一起的时间增加了128分钟，每天与父母独处的时间增加了54分钟。英国的儿童时间介于芬兰和西班牙之间，分别是与父母在一起的时间和与“其他人”在一起的时间。在以家庭为导向的西班牙，孩子们花在吃饭上的时间更多；在个人主义的芬兰和英国，儿童屏幕上的时间最多。父母教育通常会导致更多的教育活动时间，但国家差异较小。母亲就业通常与孩子的时间使用无关，但在西班牙除外，在西班牙，母亲就业导致亲子时间减少。结论儿童和青少年在时间使用上的强烈的跨国差异似乎只是社会结构因素的部分驱动因素。家庭价值观和育儿理念的跨文化差异似乎对儿童的日常活动产生了至关重要的影响。
Objective This study examined the differences in child and adolescent time use across the following three countries with distinct policy and cultural regimes: Finland, Spain, and the United Kingdom. Background Studying children's time use cross-nationally is urgent to better understand how societal contexts influence children's daily lives in ways that affect their future lifestyles, development, and identity formation. Yet previous studies have largely omitted this important question. Method The study used 2009 to 015 time-diary data on children aged 10 to 17 from Finland, Spain, and the United Kingdom (N = 3,491). Multivariate linear regression models examined (a) between-country and (b) within-country variations. Results Finnish children spent 153 daily minutes less with parents, 128 more with "others" and 54 daily minutes more alone when compared with Spanish children. The United Kingdom fell between Finland and Spain in children's time allocated with parents and time with "others." In family-oriented Spain, children spent more time eating; in individualistic Finland and United Kingdom, child screen-based time was highest. Parental education generally led to more time in educational activities, but with minor country variations. Maternal employment was generally not associated with child time use, except in Spain, where it led to less parent-child time. Conclusion The strong cross-national differences in child and adolescent time use seem only partly driven by sociostructural factors. Cross-cultural variations in family values and parenting ideologies seem to critically influence children's daily activities.