Colorful glares: Effects of colors on brightness illusions measured with pupillometry
Colorful glares: Effects of colors on brightness illusions measured with pupillometry
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DOI：
10.1016/j.actpsy.2019.102882
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发表时间：
2019-07-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Nakauchi, Shigeki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Suzuki, Yuta;Minami, Tetsuto;Nakauchi, Shigeki
我们假设，瞳孔对眩光错觉的收缩，在主观上收敛的亮度梯度增强了对亮度的感知，对蓝色的感觉比对其他颜色更强。这种预期是基于对视觉生态的反思，在视觉生态中，当人们碰巧通过一些遮挡物直视阳光时，刺眼的光线是常见的。因此，我们假设，从对天空光线和颜色的体验中，瞳孔收缩为蓝色反映了对视觉系统的生态预期，这也导致将错觉眩光的蓝色梯度解释为即将到来的可能的强光的有效线索。因此，我们操纵眩光错觉的渐变颜色，并测量相同形状刺激的主观亮度变化。我们证实，尽管所有颜色的刺激都是等亮度的，但蓝色导致了主观上被评估为最亮的状态。这种增强的亮度效应在心理物理调节任务中和在瞳孔大小的变化中都观察到了，其中最大的瞳孔收缩峰值是在其他条件下(即发散梯度和均匀斑块)的瞳孔对蓝色的反应的“蓝色”会聚梯度。此外，每个参与者与眩光相关的瞳孔收缩与每个人的主观亮度调整相关。与其他色调相比，同质的蓝色色调对瞳孔的收缩作用更大，这代表了Helmholtz-Kohlrausch对亮度感知的瞳孔测量学模拟。总而言之，这些发现表明，瞳孔测量法是评估个体在颜色亮度知觉上的差异的一种简单工具。
We hypothesized that pupil constrictions to the glare illusion, where converging luminance gradients subjectively enhance the perception of brightness, would be stronger for 'blue' than for other colors. Such an expectation was based on reflections about the ecology of vision, where the experience of dazzling light is common when one happens to look directly at sunlight through some occluders. Thus, we hypothesized that pupil constrictions to 'blue' reflect an ecologically-based expectation of the visual system from the experience of sky's light and color, which also leads to interpret the blue gradients of illusory glare to act as effective cues to impending probable intense light. We therefore manipulated the gradients color of glare illusions and measured changes in subjective brightness of identical shape stimuli. We confirmed that the blue resulted in what was subjectively evaluated as the brightest condition, despite all colored stimuli were equiluminant. This enhanced brightness effect was observed both in a psychophysical adjustment task and in changes in pupil size, where the maximum pupil constriction peak was observed with the 'blue' converging gradients over and above to the pupil response to blue in other conditions (i.e., diverging gradients and homogeneous patches). Moreover, glare-related pupil constrictions for each participant were correlated to each individual's subjective brightness adjustments. Homogenous blue hues also constricted the pupil more than other hues, which represents a pupillometric analog of the Helmholtz-Kohlrausch effect on brightness perception. Together, these findings show that pupillometry constitutes an easy tool to assess individual differences in color brightness perception.