Quaternary Mammalian Faunas in the Japanese Islands
Quaternary Mammalian Faunas in the Japanese Islands
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日本列岛的第四纪哺乳动物动物群
DOI：
10.4116/jaqua.30.213
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发表时间：
1991
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Y. Kawamura
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Y. Kawamura
日本第四纪哺乳动物的区系演替主要在龟井、川村和樽野（1988）提供的地层框架内进行描述。北海道、本州-四国-九州岛和琉球群岛的动物群分别进行了描述。在北海道，更新世哺乳动物遗骸太少，无法提供详细的动物群演替，但大量的全新世动物遗骸表明，动物群与现代动物群几乎相同。在本州-四国-九州地区，早更新世动物群属于温带森林型，与中国北方动物群有一定的亲缘关系。然而，几乎所有的成分都被分配给灭绝的特有物种。中更新世动物群的特征是现存物种的存在。事实上，它们超过了中更新世中期动物群的一半，并且在晚期动物群中更为常见。该动物区系也以温带森林成分和特有物种为主。中更新世中期来自中国南方的移民比以前认为的更有限，只有少数类型在中更新世晚期来自中国北方和东北。晚更新世动物群与中更新世动物群基本相同，但缺少几种绝灭种和几种仍在其他地区生存的外来种。虽然动物群似乎已经从那些在晚更新世早期的邻近大陆隔离，大型食草动物从大陆的北方部分的移民被确认在晚更新世晚期。在距今2万~ 1万年之间，绝大多数灭绝的物种和外来物种从动物群中消失，到全新世早期，动物群与现代动物群基本一致。琉球群岛早更新世和中更新世动物群几乎不为人所知，而晚更新世和全新世动物群的记录相对较好。晚更新世动物群为岛屿型，包括几种岛屿特有种。其中一些是灭绝的物种。从更新世末到全新世，主要物种的灭绝和幸存者栖息地面积的极度减少增强了动物群的岛屿性。
The faunal succession of Japanese Quaternary mammals is described within the stratigraphic framework provided mainly by KAMEI, KAWAMURA and TARUNO (1988). Descriptions are given separately for Hokkaido, Honshu-Shikoku-Kyushu and the Ryukyu Islands.In Hokkaido, Pleistocene mammalian remains are too scarce to provide a detailed faunal succession, but abundant remains of Holocene age suggest that the fauna was almost identical to that of the present day. Large mammals recorded for the Late Pleistocene are therefore considered to have been extinct by the Holocene.In Honshu-Shikoku-Kyushu, the Early Pleistocene fauna is of temperate forest type, and related to those of north China. Almost all the components are, however, assigned to extinct endemic species. The Middle Pleistocene fauna is characterized by the presence of extant species. In fact, they exceed half of the components in the middle Middle Pleistocene fauna, and are still more common in the later faunas. This fauna is also dominated by temperate forest elements and endemic species. Immigration from south China in the middle Middle Pleistocene is more limited than previously thought, and only a few forms migrated from north and northeast China in the late Middle Pleistocene. The Late Pleistocene fauna is basically identical with that of the Middle Pleistocene except for the absence of several extinct species and several exotic species which still survive in other regions. Although the fauna seems to have been isolated from those of the adjacent continent in the early Late Pleistocene, immigration of large herbivores from the northern part of the continent was recognized in the late Late Pleistocene. Most of the extinct and exotic species were eliminated from the fauna between 20, 000 and 10, 000 years BP, and thus the fauna became almost identical with that of the present day by the early Holocene.In the Ryukyu Islands, Early and Middle Pleistocene faunas are almost unknown, while Late Pleistocene and Holocene ones are relatively well recorded. The Late Pleistocene fauna is of insular type, and includes several species endemic to the islands. Some of them are extinct species. From the end of the Pleistocene to the Holocene, insularity of the fauna was enhanced by the extinction of major species and by extreme reduction in habitat areas of the survivors.
日本和中国的晚更新世哺乳动物区系
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
永井 平;日比谷 紀之;Kawamura Y
通讯作者：
Kawamura Y