The role of alkaline phosphatase in osteogenesis.
The role of alkaline phosphatase in osteogenesis.
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碱性磷酸酶在成骨的作用。
DOI：
10.1084/jem.93.5.415
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发表时间：
1951-05
影响因子：
15.3
通讯作者：
SIFFERT, R S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
SIFFERT, R S
碱性磷酸酶在成骨中的作用已通过组织化学技术进行了研究，特别关注其与磷酸盐代谢和基质加工的关系。主要研究了胫骨上端骨骺，以及生长兔的其他骨骺，以及新生儿的肋软骨交界处，以及生长兔的骨移植物。新生儿的研究结果与兔子的结果相同。磷酸酶活性和游离磷酸盐定位并不普遍一致。该酶似乎与骨前细胞代谢和可化学钙化的骨基质的形成密切相关。然而，磷酸酶仍然有可能以某种方式参与使无机盐可用于可钙化基质。如果这种功能确实存在，那么它是次要的，因为总是与磷酸酶活性相关的骨基质的形成可以并且确实在没有钙化的情况下发生。在没有酶的情况下，钙化可能会稍后发生。有证据表明软骨基质用于骨基质的形成。磷酸酶仅在活细胞存在时才具有生理活性。在没有活细胞的情况下可以证明它，例如在干骺端的软骨残余物中，它似乎在生理上不活跃。由于磷酸酶在弱酸性介质中暂时失活，并且很容易被碱性溶液重新激活，因此该酶可能在弱酸性组织中以生理失活状态存活，但仍然能够在碱性介质中进行体外组织化学证明。磷酸酶与硫酸软骨素的消失无关。
The role of alkaline phosphatase in osteogenesis has been investigated by histochemical techniques with particular attention to its relationship to phosphate metabolism and matrix elaboration. The upper tibial epiphysis mainly, and other epiphyses as well of growing rabbits, and the costochondral junctions of newborn human beings were studied, as were bone grafts in growing rabbits. The findings in the newborn human beings were identical with those in the rabbits. Phosphatase activity and free phosphate localization do not universally coincide. The enzyme appears to be intimately related to preosseous cellular metabolism and to the elaboration of a bone matrix that is chemically calcifiable. It remains possible, however, that phosphatase may be in some way involved in making inorganic salts available to the calcifiable matrix. If this function does exist it is a secondary one, since the elaboration of bone matrix, which is always associated with phosphatase activity, can and does occur in the absence of calcification. Calcification may occur later, in the absence of the enzyme. There is evidence to suggest that cartilage matrix is utilized in the formation of bone matrix. Phosphatase is physiologically active only in the presence of living cells. Where it is demonstrable in the absence of living cells, as in the cartilage remnants of the metaphysis, it appears to be physiologically inactive. Since phosphatase is temporarily inactivated in weakly acid media, and readily reactivated by alkaline solutions it is possible that the enzyme might survive in a physiologically inactive state in weakly acid tissues, and yet remain capable of histochemical demonstration in vitro in an alkaline medium. Phosphatase is not related to the disappearance of chondroitin sulfate.