THE RIGHT AMOUNT OF TRUST
THE RIGHT AMOUNT OF TRUST
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DOI：
10.1111/jeea.12178
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发表时间：
2016-10-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Guiso, Luigi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Butler, Jeffrey V.;Giuliano, Paola;Guiso, Luigi
我们考察了个人信任与个人经济绩效之间的关系。我们发现，在信任信念强度的衡量标准中，个人收入呈驼峰状。我们的解释是，高度信任的个人往往承担太多的社会风险，更频繁地被欺骗，最终表现不如那些信仰接近总体平均信任度的人。然而，持有过度悲观信念的人避免了受骗，但放弃了有利可图的机会，因此表现不佳。信任太多或太少的代价，与放弃上大学而损失的收入相当。我们的发现得到了大规模国际调查数据的支持，也得到了拥有高质量机构的国家内部调查数据的支持，也得到了实验结果的支持。
We investigate the relationship between individual trust and individual economic performance. We find that individual income is hump-shaped in a measure of intensity of trust beliefs. Our interpretation is that highly trusting individuals tend to assume too much social risk and to be cheated more often, ultimately performing less well than those with a belief close to the mean trustworthiness of the population. However, individuals with overly pessimistic beliefs avoid being cheated, but give up profitable opportunities, therefore underperforming. The cost of either too much or too little trust is comparable to the income lost by forgoing college. Our findings hold in large-scale international survey data, as well as inside a country with high-quality institutions, and are also supported by experimental findings.