Plant-plant interactions mediate the plastic and genotypic response of Plantago asiatica to CO2: an experiment with plant populations from naturally high CO2 areas.
Plant-plant interactions mediate the plastic and genotypic response of Plantago asiatica to CO2: an experiment with plant populations from naturally high CO2 areas.
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DOI：
10.1093/aob/mcw064
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发表时间：
2016-06
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Marloes P. van Loon;M. Rietkerk;S. Dekker;K. Hikosaka;Miki U. Ueda;N. Anten
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Marloes P. van Loon;M. Rietkerk;S. Dekker;K. Hikosaka;Miki U. Ueda;N. Anten
背景和目的大气CO2浓度（[CO2]）的上升是一种普遍存在的选择性力量，可能强烈影响物种分布和植被功能。植物-植物相互作用可以介导植被对[CO2]升高的响应轨迹，因为某些植物可能比其他植物从[CO2]升高中受益更多。塑料（在植物的生命周期内）和基因型（几代）的相对贡献，以提高[CO2]对植物的性能进行了研究，并分析了这些模式是如何修改的植物-植物相互作用。方法车前种子来源于天然CO2泉水和环境[CO2]站点，生长在两个来源中的每一个以及两个来源的混合物的单站。总共有1944株植物在[CO2]控制的步入式气候室中种植，[CO2]浓度为270、450和750 ppm。一个模型被用于放大从叶片到整株光合作用和量化塑料和基因型响应的影响。关键结果它表明，在冠层光合作用，比叶面积（SLA）和气孔导度的变化，响应生长[CO2]的变化主要是由塑料，而不是基因型的反应。我们进一步发现，植物起源于高[CO2]栖息地表现更好的全植物光合作用，生物量和叶面积，比那些从环境[CO2]栖息地在升高[CO2]只有当两种基因型竞争。同样，来自环境[CO2]栖息地的植物在低[CO2]下表现更好，也只有当两种基因型竞争时。在性能上没有差异，发现在单声道的立场。结论[CO2]增加条件下的自然选择主要由竞争相互作用驱动。这支持了植物-植物相互作用对未来植被功能和物种分布有重要影响的观点。此外，植物的表现主要是由塑料驱动的，而不是由基因型对大气[CO2]变化的反应。
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The rising atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2]) is a ubiquitous selective force that may strongly impact species distribution and vegetation functioning. Plant-plant interactions could mediate the trajectory of vegetation responses to elevated [CO2], because some plants may benefit more from [CO2] elevation than others. The relative contribution of plastic (within the plant's lifetime) and genotypic (over several generations) responses to elevated [CO2] on plant performance was investigated and how these patterns are modified by plant-plant interactions was analysed. METHODS Plantago asiatica seeds originating from natural CO2 springs and from ambient [CO2] sites were grown in mono stands of each one of the two origins as well as mixtures of both origins. In total, 1944 plants were grown in [CO2]-controlled walk-in climate rooms, under a [CO2] of 270, 450 and 750 ppm. A model was used for upscaling from leaf to whole-plant photosynthesis and for quantifying the influence of plastic and genotypic responses. KEY RESULTS It was shown that changes in canopy photosynthesis, specific leaf area (SLA) and stomatal conductance in response to changes in growth [CO2] were mainly determined by plastic and not by genotypic responses. We further found that plants originating from high [CO2] habitats performed better in terms of whole-plant photosynthesis, biomass and leaf area, than those from ambient [CO2] habitats at elevated [CO2] only when both genotypes competed. Similarly, plants from ambient [CO2] habitats performed better at low [CO2], also only when both genotypes competed. No difference in performance was found in mono stands. CONCLUSION The results indicate that natural selection under increasing [CO2] will be mainly driven by competitive interactions. This supports the notion that plant-plant interactions have an important influence on future vegetation functioning and species distribution. Furthermore, plant performance was mainly driven by plastic and not by genotypic responses to changes in atmospheric [CO2].