Specialist Insect Herbivore and Light Availability Do Not Interact in the Evolution of an Invasive Plant.
Specialist Insect Herbivore and Light Availability Do Not Interact in the Evolution of an Invasive Plant.
复制标题
专科昆虫草食动物和光照在入侵植物的进化中不会相互作用
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0139234
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Li B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang Z;Pan X;Zhang Z;He KS;Li B
从专门的昆虫食草动物中释放可能会使入侵植物进化出与抵抗力降低和竞争能力增强相关的特征。考虑到抗性和耐受性之间可能存在遗传平衡，入侵植物也可能对食草动物变得更耐受性。虽然人们普遍认为光的可利用性影响对食草动物的耐受性，但关于光的可利用性对耐受性的影响在引进种群和本地种群之间是否存在差异的信息很少。本研究以10个美国入侵种群和10个阿根廷本土种群为研究对象，在两种光照条件下，在有无一种特殊的茎干昆虫——喜湿草（agicles hygroroeroides）存在的情况下，在引进区进行了一项普通园林实验。测定了植物生物量（总根生物量和储存根生物量）、两个分配性状（根/梢比和枝强度、枝生物量/主茎生物量）和两个功能性状（比茎长和比叶面积），这两个性状与草食抗性和光捕获可能相关。总体而言，我们发现引种地的黄杨生物量和对特定食草动物的耐受性相当，但枝条强度、比茎长和比叶面积较低。引种群体在贮藏根生物量上表现出较高的遮荫耐受性，在特定茎长上表现出较低的遮荫塑性响应。最后，光效对黄杨对特殊食草动物的耐受性进化无显著影响。我们的研究结果表明，后引进的进化可能发生在黄杨中。虽然光的可用性不影响对特殊食草动物的耐受性的进化，但增加的遮荫耐受性和对特殊昆虫的释放可能有助于黄叶青的成功入侵。
Release from specialist insect herbivores may allow invasive plants to evolve traits associated with decreased resistance and increased competitive ability. Given that there may be genetic trade-off between resistance and tolerance, invasive plants could also become more tolerant to herbivores. Although it is widely acknowledged that light availability affects tolerance to herbivores, little information is available for whether the effect of light availability on tolerance differ between the introduced and native populations. We conducted a common garden experiment in the introduced range of Alternanthera philoxeroides using ten invasive US and ten native Argentinean populations at two levels of light availability and in the presence or absence of a specialist stem-boring insect Agasicles hygrophila. Plant biomass (total and storage root biomass), two allocation traits (root/shoot ratio and branch intensity, branches biomass/main stem biomass) and two functional traits (specific stem length and specific leaf area), which are potentially associated with herbivore resistance and light capture, were measured. Overall, we found that A. philoxeroides from introduced ranges had comparable biomass and tolerance to specialist herbivores, lower branch intensity, lower specific stem length and specific leaf area. Moreover, introduced populations displayed higher shade tolerance of storage root biomass and lower plastic response to shading in specific stem length. Finally, light availability had no significant effect on evolution of tolerance to specialist herbivores of A. philoxeroides. Our results suggest that post-introduction evolution might have occurred in A. philoxeroides. While light availability did not influence the evolution of tolerance to specialist herbivores, increased shade tolerance and release from specialist insects might have contributed to the successful invasion of A. philoxeroides.