Multifunctionality of agricultural water: looking beyond food production and ecosystem services
Multifunctionality of agricultural water: looking beyond food production and ecosystem services
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农业用水的多功能性：超越粮食生产和生态系统服务
DOI：
10.1002/ird.217
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发表时间：
2006
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
D. Groenfeldt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Groenfeldt
多功能农业的概念认识到农业除了生产粮食之外还有重要的潜在利益：环境服务（野生动物栖息地，宜人的景观），粮食安全，农村生计和区域经济活力，稳定的家庭和社区，文化遗产和身份，以及宗教，精神和美学价值。农业用水也可以通过多功能透镜来考虑，使用相同的逻辑，但也增加了特定于水的功能。通过这种分析，水变得比仅仅被视为农业生产的投入更有价值。由于水稻农业是以水为基础的，了解水稻的多功能性有助于突出农业用水的多功能性。讨论了四类职能：（1）经济和生产，（2）环境，（3）社会文化，（4）农村发展。支持这些多重功能的政策战略被认为是基于欧洲和亚洲的例子。本文最后讨论了水资源管理以及如何将水资源的多种功能纳入实际政策。要就农业用水分配问题作出明智的决定，就必须正确理解农业用水在农业部门以外提供的多重惠益。虽然还需要更多的研究，但已经有大量以农业名义进行的有价值的研究，这些研究可以应用于理解和管理农业用水的挑战。版权所有© 2006约翰威利父子有限公司。
The concept of multifunctional agriculture recognizes important potential benefits of agriculture in addition to the production of food: environmental services (wildlife habitat, pleasing landscape), food security, rural livelihoods and regional economic vitality, stable households and communities, cultural heritage and identity, and religious, spiritual, and aesthetic values. Agricultural water can also be considered through a multifunctional lens using the same logic, but also adding functions that are specific to water. Through this analysis, water becomes much more valuable than if it is considered as merely an input to agricultural production. Because paddy‐based agriculture is based on water, an understanding of paddy's multifunctional nature helps to highlight the multifunctional nature of agricultural water. Four categories of functions are discussed: (1) economic and productive, (2) environmental, (3) sociocultural, and (4) rural development. Policy strategies for supporting these multiple functions are considered based on examples from Europe and Asia. The paper concludes with a discussion of water management and how the multiple functions of water can be incorporated into practical policies. Making wise decisions about water allocations to agriculture depends upon a sound understanding of the multiple benefits that agricultural water provides beyond the agriculture sector. While more research is needed, there is already a great deal of valuable research that has been carried out in the name of agriculture, and which can be applied to the challenges of understanding and managing agricultural water. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.