Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors possess intrinsic anti-inflammatory activity.

Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors possess intrinsic anti-inflammatory activity.
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DOI:
10.1126/science.1261754
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发表时间:
2014-11-21
期刊:
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Ambati J
Ambati J
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Fowler BJ;Gelfand BD;Kim Y;Kerur N;Tarallo V;Hirano Y;Amarnath S;Fowler DH;Radwan M;Young MT;Pittman K;Kubes P;Agarwal HK;Parang K;Hinton DR;Bastos-Carvalho A;Li S;Yasuma T;Mizutani T;Yasuma R;Wright C;Ambati J

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Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) are mainstay therapeutics for HIV that block retrovirus replication. Alu (an endogenous retroelement that also requires reverse transcriptase for its life cycle)-derived RNAs activate P2X7 and the NLRP3 inflammasome to cause cell death of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in geographic atrophy, a type of age-related macular degeneration. We found that NRTIs inhibit P2X7-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation independent of reverse transcriptase inhibition. Multiple approved and clinically relevant NRTIs prevented caspase-1 activation, the effector of the NLRP3 inflammasome, induced by Alu RNA. NRTIs were efficacious in mouse models of geographic atrophy, choroidal neovascularization, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), and sterile liver inflammation. Our findings suggest that NRTIs are ripe for drug repurposing in P2X7-driven diseases.
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