Life at the edge:: Habitat condition and bottom fauna of Alpine running waters
Life at the edge:: Habitat condition and bottom fauna of Alpine running waters
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DOI：
10.1002/iroh.200610987
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Fuereder, Leopold
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fuereder, Leopold
高山河流系统由冰川融水、融雪和地下水补给，具有共同的特征（例如，陡梯度、高流速和动力学），但每个源产生一个特征性的排放状态和一套独特的物理和化学特性。雪、冰和地下水泉的分布在空间上从河段到集水尺度都有变化，从而导致具有特征的河流段，反映了不同的径流来源。在最近的调查中，我们一直专注于各种各样的自然淡水生态系统的Hohe Tauem国家公园，并根据水文形态条件在集水区和河段规模，我们定义了特定的河流类型。在集水区的冰川原来是一个主要因素，定义水文形态条件。随后，我们测试了冰川作用对底栖动物的影响，应用了一套初步的物种特征，表明了恢复力和抵抗力的策略和适应，以及面对环境的严酷性。我们的研究结果表明，在高山溪流，特别是在冰川溪流的底部动物的高度适应。由于目前的气候变化情景提出了在高海拔和高纬度地区的重大影响，预计动物群包括物种数量、密度和物种特征的分布将发生相当大的变化。
Alpine river systems are fed by glacial icemelt, snowmelt, and groundwater and share common features (e.g., steep gradients, high flow velocities and dynamics) but each source produces a characteristic discharge regime and a distinctive suite of physical and chemical characteristics. The distribution of snow, ice, and groundwater springs varies spatially from stream-reach to catchment scale, resulting in stream segments with characteristics, reflecting the different runoff sources. In recent investigations we have been focusing on the large variety of natural freshwater ecosystems in the Hohe Tauem National-park and, based on hydromorphological conditions at catchment and reach scale, we defined specific river types. Glaciation in the catchment turned out to be a major factor for defining the hydromorphological conditions. Subsequently, we tested the effect of glaciation on the bottom fauna in applying a preliminary set of species traits, indicating strategies and adaptations of resilience and resistance as well as to face environmental harshness. Our results demonstrated the high degree of adaptation of the bottom fauna in alpine streams but especially in glacial streams. As current climate change scenarios propose major impacts at both high altitude and latitudes, considerable changes within the faunal assemblages including species number, densities and the distribution of species traits are to be expected.