Mating system and reproductive success of a small population of polygamous Snowy Plovers
Mating system and reproductive success of a small population of polygamous Snowy Plovers
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少数一夫多妻制雪鸻的交配系统和繁殖成功率
DOI：
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发表时间：
1986
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
AssmAcr
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
John S. Warriner;Jane C. Warriner;G. Page;’. LYNNEE.STENZEL;AssmAcr
AssmAcr.这项为期六年的研究描述了繁殖的一部分居民，部分移民人口的雪Plovers（Charudrius alexundrinus）在加州。移民是在1月6日至4月27日期间抵达的，女性在男性之前。移民男性没有配对早居民男性，而居民和移民女性配对在同一时间。早期的配对通常是连续两年与同一个配偶在一起。产卵发生在3月23日至7月13日。更换离合器在4月11日至7月11日之间开始，通常是在前一个离合器丢失后7天，通常是同一个配偶。在整个赛季中，一对完成三个蛋离合器所需的时间从五天减少到四天。在产卵期间，男性花更多的时间在筑巢领土和不完整的离合器比女性。孵化期在季节早期平均为28.4天，但在季节后期仅为26.9天。在白天，男性平均只有10.7%的孵化时间，但他们似乎是主要的孵化器在夜间。在6年的时间里，189个窝中有58.2%的窝至少孵出一只雏鸟。雌性通常遗弃孵化的年轻人在6天内;男性参加了年轻的29至47天。雏鸟一般在31日龄左右羽化。在六年的时间里，296只雏鸟中有39%到42%长出了羽毛。在抛弃了一窝卵后，60只雌性中至少有22只与新的配偶重新交配。在7月1日之前，18只雄性雏鸟中至少有10只与新配偶重新筑巢，在27只案例中至少有13只在7月1日之前失去育雏的雄性雏鸟通常与新配偶重新筑巢。男性似乎以1.4：1的比例超过女性。存活率的性别差异几乎足以解释性别比例的差异。我们认为，女性的一妻多夫制可能是一种兼性反应，以倾斜的性别比例。1985年3月12日收到，9月19日接受。1985.
AssmAcr.-This six-year study describes the breeding of a partly resident, partly migrant population of Snowy Plovers (Charudrius alexundrinus) in California. Migrants arrived between 6 January and 27 April, with females preceding males. Migrant males did not pair as early as resident males, whereas resident and migrant females paired at about the same time. Early pairbonds often were with the same mate in two consecutive years. Egg laying occurred from 23 March to 13 July. Replacement clutches were initiated between 11 April and 11 July, typically seven days after loss of the preceding one, and usually with the same mate. Over the season, the time required for a pair to complete the three-egg clutch decreased from five days to four days. During egg laying, males spent more time in the nesting territory and on the incomplete clutch than did females. Incubation averaged 28.4 days early in the season, but only 26.9 days late in the season. During daytime, males averaged only 10.7% of the incubation time, but they appeared to be the main incubators at night. Over six years, 58.2% of 189 clutches hatched at least one chick. Females normally deserted hatched young within six days; males attended the young for 29 to 47 days. Fledging typically occurred at about 31 days of age. Over six years, 39% to 42% of 296 chicks fledged. After deserting broods, at least 22 of 60 females renested with new mates. At least 10 of 18 males fledging chicks before 1 July renested with new mates, and in at least 13 of 27 cases, males losing broods before 1 July renested, usually with new mates. Males appeared to outnumber females by 1.4: 1. Sexual differences in survival rates are nearly sufficient to account for the difference in sex ratio. We suggest hat the female’s serial polyandry may be a facultative response to a skewed sex ratio. Received 12 Mar. 1985, accepted 19 Sept. 1985.