Male circumcision significantly reduces prevalence and load of genital anaerobic bacteria.
Male circumcision significantly reduces prevalence and load of genital anaerobic bacteria.
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DOI：
10.1128/mbio.00076-13
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发表时间：
2013-04-16
期刊：
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Price LB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Liu CM;Hungate BA;Tobian AA;Serwadda D;Ravel J;Lester R;Kigozi G;Aziz M;Galiwango RM;Nalugoda F;Contente-Cuomo TL;Wawer MJ;Keim P;Gray RH;Price LB
男性包皮环切减少了女性对男性的艾滋病毒传播。这种保护作用的假设机制包括由于阴茎微生物组的变化而减少HIV靶细胞的募集和激活。我们在乌干达Rakai进行的一项随机包皮环切试验中，比较了一组未行包皮环切术的对照组（n = 77）和一组行包皮环切术的干预组（n = 79）男性在入组和第1年随访时的冠状沟微生物群。我们使用基于16 S rRNA基因的定量PCR（qPCR）和焦磷酸测序、对数响应比（LRR）、贝叶斯分类、非度量多维标度（nMDS）和置换多变量方差分析（PerMANOVA）来表征微生物群。在基线时，两个研究组的男性具有可比的冠状沟微生物群;然而，到第1年，包皮环切术降低了总细菌负荷并减少了微生物群的生物多样性。具体而言，包皮环切术的男性中12种厌氧菌的患病率和绝对丰度显著降低。虽然包皮环切术后需氧细菌类群也增加了，但这些增益很小。厌氧菌的减少可能是包皮环切术减少艾滋病毒感染的部分原因。这项研究中确定的细菌变化可能在男性包皮环切术降低艾滋病毒风险方面发挥重要作用。减少特定厌氧菌的负荷可以减少HIV靶细胞向包皮的募集。了解男性包皮环切术的好处的机制，可以帮助确定新的干预战略，减少艾滋病毒的传播，适用于艾滋病毒感染率高的人群，男性包皮环切术是文化上不太接受。
Male circumcision reduces female-to-male HIV transmission. Hypothesized mechanisms for this protective effect include decreased HIV target cell recruitment and activation due to changes in the penis microbiome. We compared the coronal sulcus microbiota of men from a group of uncircumcised controls (n = 77) and from a circumcised intervention group (n = 79) at enrollment and year 1 follow-up in a randomized circumcision trial in Rakai, Uganda. We characterized microbiota using16S rRNA gene-based quantitative PCR (qPCR) and pyrosequencing, log response ratio (LRR), Bayesian classification, nonmetric multidimensional scaling (nMDS), and permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PerMANOVA). At baseline, men in both study arms had comparable coronal sulcus microbiota; however, by year 1, circumcision decreased the total bacterial load and reduced microbiota biodiversity. Specifically, the prevalence and absolute abundance of 12 anaerobic bacterial taxa decreased significantly in the circumcised men. While aerobic bacterial taxa also increased postcircumcision, these gains were minor. The reduction in anaerobes may partly account for the effects of circumcision on reduced HIV acquisition. The bacterial changes identified in this study may play an important role in the HIV risk reduction conferred by male circumcision. Decreasing the load of specific anaerobes could reduce HIV target cell recruitment to the foreskin. Understanding the mechanisms that underlie the benefits of male circumcision could help to identify new intervention strategies for decreasing HIV transmission, applicable to populations with high HIV prevalence where male circumcision is culturally less acceptable.