Neocortex evolution in primates: the 'social brain' is for females
Neocortex evolution in primates: the 'social brain' is for females
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DOI：
10.1098/rsbl.2005.0362
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发表时间：
2005-12-22
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Lindenfors, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lindenfors, P
根据社会智力假说，新皮质的相对大小应该与社会复杂程度直接相关。这一假设得到了许多关于群体规模的比较研究的支持。人们认为新皮质和社交性之间存在关系，要么是因为相对的新皮质大小限制了群体规模，要么是因为较大的群体规模选择了较大的新皮质。然而，对灵长类动物社会进化的研究表明，雄性和雌性群体规模的演变与不同的需求有关。虽然雌性大多根据环境设定的条件进行分组，但雄性却只是简单地去雌性所在的地方。因此，任何与灵长类社会进化有关的假设都必须分别分析其与雄性和雌性群体规模的关系。由于灵长类动物的性别特异性新皮质大小无法获得足够的数量，因此我在这里提出了对无性别相对新皮质大小以及雌性和雄性群体大小进行系统发育比较分析的结果。这些分析表明，虽然相对新皮质大小与女性群体规模呈正相关，但与男性群体规模呈负相关或根本不相关。这表明社交智力假说仅适用于女性社交性。
According to the social intelligence hypothesis, relative neocortex size should be directly related to the degree of social complexity. This hypothesis has found support in a number of comparative studies of group size. The relationship between neocortex and sociality is thought to exist either because relative neocortex size limits group size or because a larger group size selects for a larger neocortex. However, research on primate social evolution has indicated that male and female group sizes evolve in relation to different demands. While females mostly group according to conditions set by the environment, males instead simply go where the females are. Thus, any hypothesis relating to primate social evolution has to analyse its relationship with male and female group sizes separately. Since sex-specific neocortex sizes in primates are unavailable in sufficient quantity, I here instead present results from phylogenetic comparative analyses of unsexed relative neocortex sizes and female and male group sizes. These analyses show that while relative neocortex size is positively correlated with female group size, it is negatively, or not at all correlated with male group size. This indicates that the social intelligence hypothesis only applies to female sociality.