Risk involvement and risk perception among adolescents and young adults
Risk involvement and risk perception among adolescents and young adults
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1013541802282
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发表时间：
2002-02-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Klein, WMP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Johnson, RJ;McCaul, KD;Klein, WMP
青少年作为一个群体知道许多危险行为和负面结果之间的联系。然而，目前尚不清楚从事危险行为的青少年与不从事危险行为的青少年在风险认知上是否存在差异。我们提出风险参与和风险不参与青少年之间的风险差异取决于风险问题的框架。高中生和大学生通过回答四个不同的问题来评估他们吸烟和无保护性行为的风险。结果显示，对于高中生和大学生来说，吸烟者认为他们的结果风险（负面结果的风险）高于不吸烟者。在性行为方面也有类似的发现，尽管只是针对高中生。当通过询问行为风险（行为的一般风险）来衡量风险时，风险组之间没有显着差异。总的来说，数据表明，从事危险行为的青少年并没有完全认识到他们所受到的伤害。旨在预防或减少危险行为的项目需要采取多方面的方法来说服人们了解风险。
Adolescents as a group know about the connections between many risky behaviors and negative outcomes. However, it is unclear whether adolescents who engage in risky, behavior differ in risk perceptions from those who do not. We proposed that risk differences between risk-involved and risk-uninvolved adolescents depend on how risk questions are framed. High school and college students estimated their risk of smoking and unprotected sex by replying to four different questions. The results revealed that, for both high school and college students, smokers saw their outcome risk (risk of negative outcomes) as higher than that of nonsmokers. A similar finding was obtained for sexual behavior, though only for high school students. No significant differences between risk groups were obtained when risk was measured by asking about behavior risk (general riskiness of the behavior). Overall, the data suggest that adolescents engaged in risky behavior do not have a complete appreciation of their exposure to harm. Programs intended to prevent or reduce risky behavior need to take a multifaceted approach to persuasion about risk.