Stem cells - biological update and cell therapy progress.
Stem cells - biological update and cell therapy progress.
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DOI：
10.15386/cjmed-483
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Mihu CM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Girlovanu M;Susman S;Soritau O;Rus-Ciuca D;Melincovici C;Constantin AM;Mihu CM
近年来，干细胞研究的进展表明，人体可能具有比最初预期更高的可塑性。迄今为止，体内分离和培养的干细胞有四类：胚胎干细胞、胎儿干细胞、成体干细胞和诱导多能干细胞（hiPSC）。尽管发表了多项研究，但有关干细胞的几个问题仍然存在争议，例如：分化的分子机制、防止畸胎瘤形成的方法或特别是胚胎干细胞研究的伦理和宗教问题。干细胞直接分化为特殊细胞：心肌细胞、神经细胞、胰岛细胞，可能代表治疗不治之症的一种选择，例如：神经退行性疾病、I型糖尿病、血液或心脏病。然而，以干细胞移植为基础的干细胞疗法主要仍处于实验阶段，其主要局限性是移植后出现畸胎瘤和癌症。诱导多能干细胞（hiPSC）因其显着的自我更新和分化潜力且不存在伦理问题，成为未来细胞治疗研究的主要候选者。本文概述了干细胞研究的生物学进展以及再生医学领域当前取得的进展。
In recent years, the advances in stem cell research have suggested that the human body may have a higher plasticity than it was originally expected. Until now, four categories of stem cells were isolated and cultured in vivo: embryonic stem cells, fetal stem cells, adult stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). Although multiple studies were published, several issues concerning the stem cells are still debated, such as: the molecular mechanisms of differentiation, the methods to prevent teratoma formation or the ethical and religious issues regarding especially the embryonic stem cell research. The direct differentiation of stem cells into specialized cells: cardiac myocytes, neural cells, pancreatic islets cells, may represent an option in treating incurable diseases such as: neurodegenerative diseases, type I diabetes, hematologic or cardiac diseases. Nevertheless, stem cell-based therapies, based on stem cell transplantation, remain mainly at the experimental stages and their major limitation is the development of teratoma and cancer after transplantation. The induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) represent a prime candidate for future cell therapy research because of their significant self-renewal and differentiation potential and the lack of ethical issues. This article presents an overview of the biological advances in the study of stem cells and the current progress made in the field of regenerative medicine.