DNA analysis of ancient dogs of the Americas: Identifying possible founding haplotypes and reconstructing population histories
DNA analysis of ancient dogs of the Americas: Identifying possible founding haplotypes and reconstructing population histories
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jhevol.2014.10.012
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发表时间：
2015-02-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Malhi, Ripan S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Witt, Kelsey E.;Judd, Kathleen;Malhi, Ripan S.
由于狗与人类一起旅行到每个大陆，它们可能在研究人类迁徙历史时成为一个很好的代理。过去对美洲原住民狗起源的遗传学研究使用了线粒体DNA（mtDNA）的高变区（HVR）部分，表明在欧洲接触之前，美洲原住民的狗起源于欧亚大陆。在这项研究中，我们总结了过去对人类和狗的DNA研究，以讨论它们在美洲的种群历史。然后，我们测序的42个前哥伦布犬的mtDNA HVR的一部分，位于伊利诺伊州，沿海不列颠哥伦比亚省，和科罗拉多的三个网站，并确定四个新的狗mtDNA单倍型。接下来，我们分析了由美洲所有可用的古代狗序列组成的数据集，以推断美洲狗的前哥伦布人口历史。有趣的是，我们发现一些种群的遗传多样性水平较低，这与故意繁殖的可能性一致。此外，我们确定了多个假定的创始单倍型，除了狗的单倍型，非常相似的狼，这表明与北美狼的混合物，或者可能是第二次驯化犬科动物在美洲。值得注意的是，最初的有效种群规模估计表明，在第一次已知的犬科动物埋葬时，美洲可能存在至少1000只雌性狗，并且种群规模随着时间的推移逐渐增加，直到大约1200年前稳定下来。(c)2014爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
As dogs have traveled with humans to every continent, they can potentially serve as an excellent proxy when studying human migration history. Past genetic studies into the origins of Native American dogs have used portions of the hypervariable region (HVR) of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to indicate that prior to European contact the dogs of Native Americans originated in Eurasia. In this study, we summarize past DNA studies of both humans and dogs to discuss their population histories in the Americas. We then sequenced a portion of the mtDNA HVR of 42 pre-Columbian dogs from three sites located in Illinois, coastal British Columbia, and Colorado, and identify four novel dog mtDNA haplotypes. Next, we analyzed a dataset comprised of all available ancient dog sequences from the Americas to infer the pre-Columbian population history of dogs in the Americas. Interestingly, we found low levels of genetic diversity for some populations consistent with the possibility of deliberate breeding practices. Furthermore, we identified multiple putative founding haplotypes in addition to dog haplotypes that closely resemble those of wolves, suggesting admixture with North American wolves or perhaps a second domestication of canids in the Americas. Notably, initial effective population size estimates suggest at least 1000 female dogs likely existed in the Americas at the time of the first known canid burial, and that population size increased gradually over time before stabilizing roughly 1200 years before present. (c) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.