Modeling the Distribution of Scald Type Burns in a Child.
Modeling the Distribution of Scald Type Burns in a Child.
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DOI：
10.23907/2016.060
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发表时间：
2016-12-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Fowler, David R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Alexander, Russell T;Fowler, David R
飞溅或溢出的烫伤可以被医学检查人员在故意创伤或意外伤害的情况下看到。为了模拟各种各样的烫伤场景，一名8岁的实验对象穿着白色衣服，让有色水溅到或掉到她身上。结果通过视频和静态摄影记录下来。进行了五项试验，包括：将杯子中的液体扔向身体前体表面；杯中液体泼向身体的后表面；一杯液体从桌子上洒到一个坐着的人的腿上；把平底锅拉到躯干前部；一杯液体洒在了她的头顶上。在上述的每一种泄漏和飞溅模型中，在液体最初与人体接触的地方，一个大的通常汇合的染色区往往伴随着重力作用下的细长径流模式；邻近区域常见滴状染色。坐下后，臀部呈倒u型染色。在一项试验中，对飞溅事件的预期导致受试者本能地将前体转向远离迎面而来的液体。当遇到一个被烫伤的受害者时，对报道的历史进行建模可能会提供一种染色模式，支持或反驳对烧伤的解释。能够预测早期烫伤损伤的可移动且神经完整的受试者可能在接触液体之前和期间移动，从而在身体的多个表面上产生独特的染色模式。
Splash or spill scald burns may be seen by medical examiners in the setting of intentional trauma or accidental injury. In order to model various scald burn scenarios, an 8-year-old subject dressed in white had colored water spilled or dropped onto her. The results were recorded by video and still photography. Five trials were performed and included: liquid in a cup thrown towards the anterior body surfaces; liquid in a cup thrown towards the posterior body surfaces; a cup of liquid spilled across a table into the lap of a seated subject; a saucepan pulled down onto the anterior torso; and a cup of liquid spilled onto the top of the head. In each of the spill and splash models described above, a large often confluent zone of staining at the site of initial liquid contact with the body was often accompanied by elongate runoff patterns following gravity; droplet staining was often noted on adjacent areas. When seated, an inverted U-shaped staining pattern was on the buttocks. Anticipation of the splash event in one trial resulted in the subject instinctively turning the anterior body away from the oncoming liquid. When presented with a scalded victim, modeling of the reported history may provide a pattern of staining that supports or refutes the explanation offered for the burn. A mobile and neurologically intact subject who can anticipate an incipient scald injury may move prior to and during contact with the liquid resulting in unique staining patterns on multiple surfaces of the body.