Technological Change and the Environment
Technological Change and the Environment
复制标题
DOI：
10.2139/ssrn.252927
复制
发表时间：
2000-10
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Jaffe;R. Newell;Robert Stavins
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Jaffe;R. Newell;Robert Stavins
环境政策的讨论越来越侧重于与技术变革有关的问题。这部分是因为社会活动的环境后果往往受到技术变革的速度和方向的影响，部分是因为环境政策干预本身可以产生对技术进步道路产生重大影响的制约和激励。本文，作为即将出版的环境经济学手册（北荷兰/爱思唯尔科学）的一章草案，总结了环境经济学家目前对技术变革的思考，在更广泛的经济学文献，调查越来越多的经济文献技术与环境之间的相互作用，并探讨这些分析的规范性影响。我们开始与技术变化的经济学的简要概述，然后检查技术和环境交叉的三个重要领域：诱导创新的理论和经验证据和环境政策对创造新的，环境友好的技术的影响的相关文献，与技术扩散有关的环境问题的理论和方法学，和分析替代性环境政策手段的比较技术影响。最后，我们提出了进一步研究技术变革和环境的建议。
Environmental policy discussions increasingly focus on issues related to technological change. This is partly because the environmental consequences of social activity are frequently affected by the rate and direction of technological change, and partly because environmental policy interventions can themselves create constraints and incentives that have significant effects on the path of technological progress. This paper, prepared as a chapter draft for the forthcoming Handbook of Environmental Economics (North-Holland/Elsevier Science), summarizes for environmental economists current thinking on technological change in the broader economics literature, surveys the growing economic literature on the interaction between technology and the environment, and explores the normative implications of these analyses. We begin with a brief overview of the economics of technological change, and then examine three important areas where technology and the environment intersect: the theory and empirical evidence of induced innovation and the related literature on the effects of environmental policy on the creation of new, environmentally friendly technology; the theory and empirics of environmental issues related to technology diffusion; and analyses of the comparative technological impacts of alternative environmental policy instruments. We conclude with suggestions for further research on technological change and the environment.