Perception of vocal tremor
Perception of vocal tremor
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DOI：
10.1044/1092-4388(2003/016
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发表时间：
2003-02-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Gerratt, BR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kreiman, J;Gabelman, B;Gerratt, BR
声音震颤是许多病理性声音的特征，但对震颤的声学感知方面了解甚少。为了研究这种关系，在自定义语音合成器中实现了2个震颤模型。第一种用正弦波调制基频（FO）。第二种是不规则调制。两种模型的控制参数均为FO调制波形的频率和幅度。32个1-s的“a”样本，由有声带病理的说话者产生，在合成器中建模。每个元音的合成副本是通过使用从自然刺激的不同特征与时间图中获得的震颤参数或通过选择与原始刺激感知匹配的参数来创建的。听众在3个实验中比较了合成刺激和原始刺激。正弦波和不规则震颤模型都能很好地匹配声音子集。调制波形形状的感知重要性取决于地震的严重程度，随着地震严重程度的增加，选择地震模型的重要性也随之增加。从平均FO的平均频率偏差证明是感知到的震颤振幅的一个很好的预测器。当震颤呈正弦且振幅较小时，最容易听到震颤率的差异。对于振幅较大或频率调制模式不规则的震颤，难以判断震颤率的差异。这些结果表明，当震颤模式复杂时，调制速率和振幅的差异阈值较大。此外，震颤率、规律性和振幅相互作用，因此任何一个维度的感知重要性取决于其他维度的值。
Vocal tremors characterize many pathological voices, but acoustic-perceptual aspects of tremor are poorly understood. To investigate this relationship, 2 tremor models were implemented in a custom voice synthesizer. The first modulated fundamental frequency (FO) with a sine wave. The second provided irregular modulation. Control parameters in both models were the frequency and amplitude of the FO modulating waveform. Thirty-two 1-s samples of \a\, produced by speakers with vocal pathology, were modeled in the synthesizer. Synthetic copies of each vowel were created by using tremor parameters derived from different features of FO versus time plots of the natural stimuli or by using parameters chosen to match the original stimuli perceptually. Listeners compared synthetic and original stimuli in 3 experiments. Sine wave and irregular tremor models both provided excellent matches to subsets of the voices. The perceptual importance of the shape of the modulating waveform depended on the severity of the tremor, with the choice of tremor model increasing in importance as the tremor increased in severity. The average frequency deviation from the mean FO proved a good predictor of the perceived amplitude of a tremor. Differences in tremor rates were easiest to hear when the tremor was sinusoidal and of small amplitude. Differences in tremor rate were difficult to judge for tremors of large amplitude or in the context of irregularities in the pattern of frequency modulation. These results suggest that difference limens are larger for modulation rates and amplitudes when the tremor pattern is complex. Further, tremor rate, regularity, and amplitude interact, so that the perceptual importance of any one dimension depends on values of the others.