Effects of seating position and appropriate restraint use on the risk of injury to children in motor vehicle crashes
Effects of seating position and appropriate restraint use on the risk of injury to children in motor vehicle crashes
复制标题
DOI：
10.1542/peds.2004-1522
复制
发表时间：
2005-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
Winston, FK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Durbin, DR;Chen, I;Winston, FK
背景资料。目前，许多州正在升级其儿童约束法，以包括在6至8岁之间使用适合年龄的约束条件的条款，一些州还要求儿童坐在后排座位上，使法律能够更接近最佳实践建议。目的探讨儿童乘用车碰撞中座椅位置和约束状态与伤害风险的关系。这是一项对风险为3倍的儿童进行的横断面研究(OR：3.2；95%CI：2.5-4.1)。座位排的影响小于约束状态的影响；坐在前排的儿童比坐在后排的儿童受伤风险高40%(OR：1.4；95%CI：1.2-1.7)。如果研究人群中的所有儿童都被适当地约束在后座上，1014例严重伤害(95%可信区间：675-1353例伤害)本可以避免(假设约束效果不依赖于其他与驾驶员相关、与儿童相关、与碰撞相关、与车辆相关和环境因素)。与后排座椅相比，适合年龄的安全带提供了相对更多的安全益处，但两者协同工作，为撞车时的儿童提供最好的保护。这些结果支持了最近升级的州儿童约束法律目前对适龄约束的关注。然而，重要的是要注意到，增加后排座椅的要求将实现相当大的额外好处。
Background. Currently, many states are upgrading their child restraint laws to include provisions for the use of age-appropriate restraints through 6 to 8 years of age, with some also requiring rear seating for children, enabling the laws to be in closer alignment with best-practice recommendations.Objective. To evaluate the relationships of seating position and restraint status to the risk of injury among children in passenger vehicle crashes.Methods. This was a cross-sectional study of children 3 times the risk (OR: 3.2; 95% CI: 2.5-4.1). The effect of seating row was smaller than the effect of restraint status; children in the front seat were at 40% greater risk of injury, compared with children in the rear seat (OR: 1.4; 95% CI: 1.2-1.7). Had all children in the study population been appropriately restrained in the rear seat, 1014 serious injuries (95% CI: 675-1353 injuries) would have been prevented (with the assumption that restraint effectiveness does not depend on a variety of other driver-related, child-related, crash-related, vehicle-related, and environmental factors).Conclusions. Age-appropriate restraint confers relatively more safety benefit than rear seating, but the 2 work synergistically to provide the best protection for children in crashes. These results support the current focus on age-appropriate restraint in recently upgraded state child restraint laws. However, it is important to note that considerable added benefit would be realized with additional requirements for rear seating.