Pin Structures on Low-dimensional Manifolds by
Pin Structures on Low-dimensional Manifolds by
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发表时间:
2008
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通讯作者:
R. C. Kirbyl;L. R. Taylorl
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作者:
R. C. Kirbyl;L. R. Taylorl
Pin structures on vector bundles are the natural generalization of Spin structures to the case of non-oriented bundles. Spin(n) is the central Z/2Z extension (or double cover) of SO(n) and Pin-en) and Pin+(n) are two different central extensions of O(n), although they are topologically the same. The obstruction to putting a Spin structure on a bundle e(= Rn ~ E ~ B) is w2(e)eH2(B; Z/2Z); for Pin+ it is still W2(e), and for Pinit is W2(e) + w~(e). In all three cases, the set of structures on eis acted on by Hl(B; Z/2Z) and if we choose a structure, this choice and the action sets up a one-to-one correspondence between the set of structures and the cohomology group. Perhaps the most useful characterization (Lemma 1.7) of Pin± structures is that Pinstructures on ecorrespond to Spin structures on eEB det eand Pin+ to Spin structures on eEB 3 det ewhere det eis the determinant line bundle. This is useful for a variety of "descent" theorems of the type: a Pin± structure on eEB 11 descends to a Pin+ (or Pinor Spin) structure on ewhen dimf/ = 1 or 2 and various conditions on TJ are satisfied. For example, if TJ is a trivialized line bundle, then Pin± structures descend to ~ (Corollary 1.12),.which enables us to define Pin± bordism groups. In the Spin case, Spin structures on two of e, 11 and eEB 1] determine a Spin structure on the third. This fails, for example, for Pinstructures on 1] and eEB 1] and eorientable, but versions of it hold in some cases (Corollary 1.15), adding to the intricacies of the subject. Another kind of descent theorem puts a Pin± structure on a submanifold which is dual to a characteristic class. Thus, if V m l is dual to Wl (TM) and Mm is Pin±, then V rtl V gets a Pin± structure and we have a homomorphism of bordism groups (Theorem 2.5),