Assessing the prevalence of nutrient inadequacy
Assessing the prevalence of nutrient inadequacy
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DOI：
10.1017/s1368980099000038
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发表时间：
1999-01-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Carriquiry, Alicia L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carriquiry, Alicia L.
目的：描述一种使用每日摄入量数据和新的估计平均需要量(EAR)来评估人群中营养不足流行率的方法。设计：观察人群中通常摄取的营养素低于其所需营养素的比例通常是不可能的。我们认为，在许多情况下，通过计算人群中营养摄入量低于耳朵的人数，可以很好地近似这一比例。背景：这是一篇方法论论文，因此重点不是分析特定的数据集。为了说明本文提出的一种统计方法，我们使用了1989-91年间个人食物摄入量的连续调查。结果：我们表明，耳朵和对感兴趣群体中通常摄入量分布的可靠估计可以用来评估群体中通常摄入量达不到要求的个人的比例。这种方法虽然简单，但并不是在所有情况下都表现良好。例如，它不能用于能源，因为摄入量和对能源的需求高度相关。同样，月经妇女的铁也存在一些困难，这是因为铁在这一群体中的分布是已知的倾斜的。结论：评估一个群体中通常营养摄入量不符合其需要的个体比例这一表面上棘手的问题，只要满足某些条件，可以通过比较通常的营养摄入量和耳朵来解决。它们是：(1)营养素的摄入量和需要量必须是独立的，(2)需要量的分布必须围绕其平均值--耳朵近似对称，(3)需要量分布的方差应该小于通常摄入量分布的方差。
Objective: To describe an approach for assessing the prevalence of nutrient inadequacy in a group, using daily intake data and the new Estimated Average Requirement (EAR).Design: Observing the proportion of individuals in a group whose usual intake of a nutrient is below their requirement for the nutrient is not possible in general. We argue that this proportion can be well approximated in many cases by counting, instead, the number of individuals in the group whose intakes are below the EAR for the nutrient.Setting: This is a methodological paper, and thus emphasis is not on analysing specific data sets. For illustration of one of the statistical methods presented herein, we have used the 1989-91 Continuing Survey on Food Intakes by Individuals.Results: We show that the EAR and a reliable estimate of the usual intake distribution in the group of interest can be used to assess the proportion of individuals in the group whose usual intakes are not meeting their requirements. This approach, while simple, does not perform well in every case. For example, it cannot be used on energy, since intakes and requirements for energy are highly correlated. Similarly, iron in menstruating women presents some difficulties, due to the fact that the distribution of iron requirements in this group is known to be skewed.Conclusions: The apparently intractable problem of assessing the proportion of individuals in a group whose usual intakes of a nutrient are not meeting their requirements can be solved by comparing usual intakes to the EAR for the nutrient, as long as some conditions are met. These are: (1) intakes and requirements for the nutrient must be independent, (2) the distribution of requirements must be approximately symmetric around its mean, the EAR, and (3) the variance of the distribution of requirements should be smaller than the variance of the usual intake distribution.