State Space Model and Queuing Network Based Cloud Resource Provisioning for Meshed Web Systems
State Space Model and Queuing Network Based Cloud Resource Provisioning for Meshed Web Systems
复制标题
网状 Web 系统的状态空间模型和基于排队网络的云资源配置
DOI：
10.1109/tpds.2022.3170834
复制
发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Rajkumar Buyya
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yamin Lei;Zhicheng Cai;Xiaoping Li;Rajkumar Buyya
Web应用程序提供的功能日益多样化，使得其结构变得复杂和网状。云计算平台为这些网状Web系统提供弹性计算能力，以保证服务水平协议（SLA）。虽然网状Web系统的工作负载通常是稳定的，周期性的变化，有时会有突然的波动。本文提出了一种基于状态空间模型和反馈网络的混合反馈控制方法（SQF），用于自动调整分配到网格Web系统各层的虚拟机。对于工作负载稳定变化的情况，SQF提出了一种基于状态空间模型的静态反馈控制方法（SFC），使请求响应时间稳定在参考时间附近。针对不稳定变化的工作负载，提出了一种基于调度网络的多层协同反馈控制方法（QFC），以有效消除瓶颈。QFC为每一层建立单独的控制系统，并使用排队网络来度量不同层之间的交互关系。实验结果表明，QFC是能够提高消除瓶颈的效率（降低上限SLA违规率由31.990025;$sim$223C;56.520025;）与类似或有点高的VM租赁成本相比，现有的方法，而SFC获得更稳定的响应时间的请求与合理的额外成本。
Functions provided by Web applications are increasingly diverse which make their structures complicated and meshed. Cloud computing platforms provide elastic computing capacities for these meshed Web systems to guarantee Service Level Agreement (SLA). Though workloads of meshed Web systems usually change steadily and periodically in total, sometimes there are sudden fluctuations. In this paper, a hybrid State-space-model-and-Queuing-network based Feedback control method (SQF) is developed for auto-scaling Virtual Machines (VMs) allocated to each tier of meshed Web systems. For the case with workloads changing steadily, a State-space-model based static Feedback Control method (SFC) is proposed in SQF to stabilize request response times near the reference time. For unsteadily changing workloads, a Queuing-network based multi-tier collaborative Feedback Control method (QFC) is proposed for effectively eliminating bottlenecks. QFC builds a control system for each tier individually and uses the queuing network to measure the interaction relationships among different tiers. Experimental results show that QFC is able to improve the efficiency of eliminating bottlenecks (decreasing upper-limit SLA violation ratios by 31.990025;$sim$223C;56.520025;) with similar or a little bit high VM rental costs compared to existing methods while SFC obtains more stable response times for requests with reasonable additional costs.