Evolution of the biomechanical material properties of the femur
Evolution of the biomechanical material properties of the femur
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DOI：
10.1002/ar.10145
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发表时间：
2002-10-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Keaveny, TM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Erickson, GM;Catanese, J;Keaveny, TM
长骨的生物力学性能由四个关键因素决定：单元大小、单元形状、加载条件和材料特性。我们对后者的理解主要局限于真兽类哺乳动物和鸟类，它们表现出相似性。他们拥有类似的物质属性是否反映了共同的祖先或独立的进化还不确定。在目前的分析中，我们测试了放线翼目鱼类股骨及其翼状突同系物的弯曲强度、弹性系数和破坏应变。对7个主要脊椎动物冠支的69个代表基本性状状态的标本进行了测试。然后将这些数据与文献中的鸟类和哺乳动物数据结合在一起，并使用系统发育特征分析在进化的背景下进行分析。长骨的屈服强度平均值为188 Mpa，杨氏弹性系数平均值为22.4 Gpa，屈服应变平均值为8,437 MUis。方差分析(ANOVA)显示了身体质量范围为30,000倍的不同支系之间的可比值。我们的结论是，4.75亿年前第一批长骨的物质特性在整个进化过程中都是保守的。在脊椎动物进化过程中，股骨的主要运动挑战几乎完全是通过改变元素的大小和形状来完成的。
The biomechanical performance of long bones is dictated by four key factors: element size, element shape, loading conditions, and material properties. Our understanding of the latter of these has been mostly limited to eutherian mammals and birds, which show similarity. Whether their possession of comparable material properties reflects common ancestry or independent evolution is uncertain. In the present analysis, we tested the bending strength, modulus, and failure strains of the femur and its pterygiophore homolog in actinpterygian fish. Sixty-nine specimens representing basal character states in seven major vertebrate crown clades were tested. These data were then coupled with avian and mammalian data from the literature and analyzed in an evolutionary context using phylogenetic character analysis. Mean values of 188 MPa for yield strength, 22.4 GPa for Young's modulus, and 8,437 muis an element of for yield strain were obtained for the long bones. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed comparable values between clades that span a 30,000-fold range of body mass. We conclude that material properties of the first long bones 475 million years ago were conserved throughout evolution. Major locomotory challenges to femora during vertebrate evolution were almost solely accomplished by modifications of element size and shape.