Interplay between innate and adaptive immunity in the development of non-infectious uveitis.
Interplay between innate and adaptive immunity in the development of non-infectious uveitis.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.preteyeres.2011.11.004
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发表时间：
2012-03
影响因子：
17.8
通讯作者：
Dick AD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Willermain F;Rosenbaum JT;Bodaghi B;Rosenzweig HL;Childers S;Behrend T;Wildner G;Dick AD
在脊椎动物中，先天性和适应性免疫系统已经无缝进化，通过快速响应危险信号、消除病原体、创建免疫记忆以及对自身的免疫耐受来保护宿主。先天免疫系统利用识别保守病原体模式的受体，并与更具体的识别系统和适应性免疫记忆一起，它们的相互作用通过在免疫反应的产生和调节过程中各自的作用得到证明。需要先天免疫参与的适应性免疫的标志是区分自身和非自身（最终区分病原体和共生体）以及维持免疫健康和适当反应的外围控制机制的能力。适应性或先天免疫系统的控制机制和/或调节的丧失分别导致自身免疫和自身炎症。尽管迄今为止在非感染性眼内炎症的发展背景下已对自身免疫途径进行了大量研究，但非感染性葡萄膜炎的各种表型的充分表达需要先天免疫的招募和激活。由于自身免疫和自身炎症涉及不同的分子途径，即使发生一些趋同，增加我们对它们在葡萄膜炎发展中各自作用的理解将突出治疗目标并影响我们对其他视网膜疾病中起作用的免疫机制的理解。在此，我们从先天性和适应性免疫激活和控制的基本机制推断自身炎症和自身免疫途径如何促进非感染性葡萄膜炎患者的疾病发展。
In vertebrates, the innate and adaptive immune systems have evolved seamlessly to protect the host by rapidly responding to danger signals, eliminating pathogens and creating immunological memory as well as immunological tolerance to self. The innate immune system harnesses receptors that recognize conserved pathogen patterns and alongside the more specific recognition systems and memory of adaptive immunity, their interplay is evidenced by respective roles during generation and regulation of immune responses. The hallmark of adaptive immunity which requires engagement of innate immunity is an ability to discriminate between self and non-self (and eventually between pathogen and symbiont) as well as peripheral control mechanisms maintaining immunological health and appropriate responses. Loss of control mechanisms and/or regulation of either the adaptive or the innate immune system lead to autoimmunity and autoinflammation respectively. Although autoimmune pathways have been largely studied to date in the context of development of non-infectious intraocular inflammation, the recruitment and activation of innate immunity is required for full expression of the varied phenotypes of non-infectious uveitis. Since autoimmunity and autoinflammation implicate different molecular pathways, even though some convergence occurs, increasing our understanding of their respective roles in the development of uveitis will highlight treatment targets and influence our understanding of immune mechanisms operative in other retinal diseases. Herein, we extrapolate from the basic mechanisms of activation and control of innate and adaptive immunity to how autoinflammatory and autoimmune pathways contribute to disease development in non-infectious uveitis patients.