27 T ultra-high static magnetic field changes orientation and morphology of mitotic spindles in human cells
27 T ultra-high static magnetic field changes orientation and morphology of mitotic spindles in human cells
复制标题
27T超高静磁场改变人体细胞有丝分裂纺锤体的方向和形态
作者：
Lei Zhang;Yubin Hou;Zhiyuan Li;Xinmiao Ji;Ze Wang;Huizhen Wang;Xiaofei Tian;Fazhi Yu;Zhenye Yang;Li Pi;Timothy J Mitchison;Qingyou Lu;Xin Zhang
纯化的微管由于其抗磁各向异性，在体外被证明可以沿着静磁场（SMF）排列。然而，哺乳动物细胞中的有丝分裂纺锤体是否可以通过磁场排列还没有实验证明。特别是，20 T（特斯拉）以上的SMF对哺乳动物细胞的生物学效应从未有过报道。在这里，我们发现在CNE-2 Z和RPE 1人细胞中，27 T SMF中的纺锤体取向。纺锤体排列的方向取决于染色体排列形成平面中期板的程度。我们的研究结果表明，磁矩作用于微管和染色体，和主轴排列相对于字段的首选方向更多地取决于染色体比对比微管。此外，纺锤体形态也受到27 T SMF的干扰。这是首次报道的研究哺乳动物细胞对20 T以上超高磁场的反应。我们的研究不仅发现了超高磁场可以改变有丝分裂纺锤体的方向和形态，而且还提供了一种工具来探索纺锤体的方向和扰动在发育和癌症生物学中的作用。DOI：http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.22911.001网站
Purified microtubules have been shown to align along the static magnetic field (SMF) in vitro because of their diamagnetic anisotropy. However, whether mitotic spindle in mammalian cells can be aligned by magnetic field has not been experimentally proved. In particular, the biological effects of SMF of above 20 T (Tesla) on mammalian cells have never been reported. Here we found that in both CNE-2Z and RPE1 human cells spindle orients in 27 T SMF. The direction of spindle alignment depended on the extent to which chromosomes were aligned to form a planar metaphase plate. Our results show that the magnetic torque acts on both microtubules and chromosomes, and the preferred direction of spindle alignment relative to the field depends more on chromosome alignment than microtubules. In addition, spindle morphology was also perturbed by 27 T SMF. This is the first reported study that investigated the mammalian cellular responses to ultra-high magnetic field of above 20 T. Our study not only found that ultra-high magnetic field can change the orientation and morphology of mitotic spindles, but also provided a tool to probe the role of spindle orientation and perturbation in developmental and cancer biology. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.22911.001