A Neuroimaging Web Services Interface as a Cyber Physical System for Medical Imaging and Data Management in Brain Research: Design Study
A Neuroimaging Web Services Interface as a Cyber Physical System for Medical Imaging and Data Management in Brain Research: Design Study
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DOI：
10.2196/medinform.9063
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发表时间：
2018-04-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Adjouadi, Malek
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lizarraga, Gabriel;Li, Chunfei;Adjouadi, Malek
背景：结构和功能性脑图像是医学专家研究脑解剖学的重要成像方式。这些图像通常由专家进行目视检查。为了没有任何偏差地分析图像，必须首先将它们转换为数值。许多软件包可用于处理图像，但它们复杂且难以使用。这些软件包也是硬件密集型的。处理后得到的结果根据所使用的本机操作系统及其相关软件库的不同而有所不同；在一个系统中处理的数据通常不能与另一个系统上的数据相结合。目的：本研究的目的是满足神经影像学界对使用神经影像网络服务接口存储、处理、探索和可视化其神经影像数据和结果的通用平台的需求：一系列处理管道设计为脑研究中神经影像和临床数据的网络物理系统。方法：神经影像网络服务接口接受磁共振成像、正电子发射断层扫描、扩散张量成像和功能磁共振成像。这些图像是使用现有的和定制的软件包进行处理的。然后，输出将存储为图像文件、表格文件和 MySQL 表。该系统由一系列互连的服务器组成，受密码保护，可通过 Web 界面安全访问，并允许 (1) 结果可视化和 (2) 下载表格数据。 结果：所有结果均使用我们的处理服务器获得，以保持数据的有效性和一致性。该设计具有响应性和可扩展性。处理流程从结构磁共振成像图像的 FreeSurfer 重建开始。使用阿尔茨海默病神经影像倡议输入图像验证了 FreeSurfer 和区域标准化摄取值比率计算，并将结果发布在神经影像实验室数据档案中。阿尔茨海默病和癫痫领域的著名领先研究人员已使用该界面来访问和处理数据并将结果可视化。具有独特可视化机制的表格结果有助于指导更明智的诊断和专家评级，提供真正独特的多模态成像平台，该平台结合了磁共振成像、正电子发射断层扫描、扩散张量成像和静息态功能磁共振成像。通过至少 2 名专家参与的专家视觉评级，质量控制部分得到了加强。结论：据我们所知，没有经过验证的基于 Web 的系统可以提供神经影像 Web 服务接口提供的所有服务。神经影像网络服务接口的目的是为对多模式神经影像有浓厚兴趣的临床医生和研究人员创建一个工具。更重要的是，神经影像网络服务接口显着增强了阿尔茨海默病神经影像计划的数据，特别是因为我们的数据包含大量西班牙裔正常对照和阿尔茨海默病患者。获得的结果可以通过视觉或表格形式进行审查，从而使研究人员了解疾病不同阶段特征的微妙变化。
Background: Structural and functional brain images are essential imaging modalities for medical experts to study brain anatomy. These images are typically visually inspected by experts. To analyze images without any bias, they must be first converted to numeric values. Many software packages are available to process the images, but they are complex and difficult to use. The software packages are also hardware intensive. The results obtained after processing vary depending on the native operating system used and its associated software libraries; data processed in one system cannot typically be combined with data on another system.Objective: The aim of this study was to fulfill the neuroimaging community's need for a common platform to store, process, explore, and visualize their neuroimaging data and results using Neuroimaging Web Services Interface: a series of processing pipelines designed as a cyber physical system for neuroimaging and clinical data in brain research.Methods: Neuroimaging Web Services Interface accepts magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, diffusion tensor imaging, and functional magnetic resonance imaging. These images are processed using existing and custom software packages. The output is then stored as image files, tabulated files, and MySQL tables. The system, made up of a series of interconnected servers, is password-protected and is securely accessible through a Web interface and allows (1) visualization of results and (2) downloading of tabulated data.Results: All results were obtained using our processing servers in order to maintain data validity and consistency. The design is responsive and scalable. The processing pipeline started from a FreeSurfer reconstruction of Structural magnetic resonance imaging images. The FreeSurfer and regional standardized uptake value ratio calculations were validated using Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative input images, and the results were posted at the Laboratory of Neuro Imaging data archive. Notable leading researchers in the field of Alzheimer's Disease and epilepsy have used the interface to access and process the data and visualize the results. Tabulated results with unique visualization mechanisms help guide more informed diagnosis and expert rating, providing a truly unique multimodal imaging platform that combines magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, diffusion tensor imaging, and resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging. A quality control component was reinforced through expert visual rating involving at least 2 experts.Conclusions: To our knowledge, there is no validated Web-based system offering all the services that Neuroimaging Web Services Interface offers. The intent of Neuroimaging Web Services Interface is to create a tool for clinicians and researchers with keen interest on multimodal neuroimaging. More importantly, Neuroimaging Web Services Interface significantly augments the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative data, especially since our data contain a large cohort of Hispanic normal controls and Alzheimer's Disease patients. The obtained results could be scrutinized visually or through the tabulated forms, informing researchers on subtle changes that characterize the different stages of the disease.